Chapter 4 Study Questions (Part 4) Flashcards
what structure allows cells to communicate with neighboring cells?
gap junctions
define osmosis
the flow of water across a membrane down its concentration gradient and towards the higher solute concentration
define osmolarity
the total number of solutes per liter of solution
define iso-osmolarity
a condition that occurs when the molar concentration of solute particles on each side of a membrane are the same
define tonicity
a physiological term describing how the solute concentration of a solution affects cell volume
what is a hypertonic solution?
high solute outside, high water inside
what is a hypotonic solution?
low solute outside, low water inside
what is an isotonic solution?
equal solute and water inside and out
what is the net effect when an Na+/K+ ATP-ase pump cycles one time?
3 Na out, 2 K in
what is osmotic pressure?
the pressure caused by water flowing in and out of a cell
what is a common clinical use of isotonic IV?
trauma, dehydration (blood loss or fluid volume loss)
what is a common clinical use of a hypertonic IV solution?
swelling (ex. brain swelling, but be careful because BP can increase too much)
what is a common clinical use of a hypotonic IV solution?
severe dehydration
NaCL easily leaks out of capillaries but does not enter the cells of the body. why?
it leaks in, but is pumped out by pumps. stays in ECF
how does your body get water from intestines and into your cells?
creates solute concentration gradient that in turn creates a water gradient
