Chapter 2 Study Questions (Part 1) Flashcards
what is the strongest type of chemical bond?
covalent bond
covalent bond results from what?
sharing of a pair of electrons by two atoms
covalent bond formation gives the atom what ?
the full complement of electrons in valence shell of each atom
atoms in a covalent bond….
compete for shared electrons
attraction of an atom in a covalent bond for shared electrons
electronegativity
electronegativity
attraction of an atom in a covalent bond for shared electrons
greater electronegativity of an atom = ?
more strongly it pulls the shared electrons toward itself and away from the atom it’s bonding with
electronegativity differences between atoms creates = ?
polar covalent bonds
polar covalent bonds are created by ?
electronegativity differences between atoms
what are the six functional groups we discussed?
- hydroxyl
- sulfhydryl
- phosphate
- carboxyl
- amino/amine
- methyl
hydroxyl
-OH
sulfhydryl
-SH
phosphate
-HPO4-
carboxyl
-COOH
amino/amine
-NH2
methyl
-CH3
-OH
hydroxyl
-SH
sulfhydryl
-HPO4-
phosphate
-COOH
carboxyl
-NH2
amino/amine
-CH3
methyl
chemical property of hydroxyl
polar
chemical property of sulfhydrl
polar
chemical property of phosphate
polar
chemical property of carboxyl
acid
chemical property of amino/amine
base
chemical property of methyl
nonpolar
name the polar functional groups that we studied
hydroxyl
sulfhydryl
phosphate
name the acidic functional groups that we studied
carboxyl
name the basic functional groups that we studied
amino/amine
name the nonpolar functional groups that we studied
methyl
what’s the difference between H and H+?
H has electrons
H+ has lost electrons
why do salts dissolve so readily in solution?
polar! big electronegativity differences.
