Chapter 4 - Respiratory System

Question 1

name the structures in yellow

Answer 1

Frontal Sinus, Sphenoid Sinus

Question 2

name the structures in green.

Answer 2

Nasal Cavity: Superior conchae, middle conchae, inferior conchae

Question 3

name the structures in blue

Answer 3

External Nares, Internal Nares

Question 4

name the structures in orange

Answer 4

Hard palate, soft palate

Question 5

name the structure in purple

Answer 5

Uvula

Question 6

what are the grooves in between the conchae?

Answer 6

superior meatus, middle meatus, inferior meatus

Question 7

name the sections

Answer 7

nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx

Question 8

name the structure

Answer 8

Eustachian tube

Question 9

name the structures

Answer 9

Pharyngeal / Adenoid Tonsils
Palatine Tonsils
Lingual Tonsils

Question 10

name the structure in red. what is the name of the prominence on the front surface?

Answer 10

thyroid cartilage
laryngeal prominence, or Adam’s Apple

Question 11

name the structure in green.

Answer 11

Epiglottis

Question 12

name the structures in blue

Answer 12

Arytenoid cartilage

Question 13

name the structure in yellow

Answer 13

cricoid cartilage

Question 14

name the structures in purple

Answer 14

corniculate cartilage

Question 15

name the structures

Answer 15

Epiglottis, Hyoid bone, thyrohyoid membrane, thyroid cartilage, Cricothyroid ligament, Cricoid cartilage, Tracheal Cartilage, Thyroid gland, Laryngeal prominence

Question 16

name the structures labeled in yellow

Answer 16

false vocal cords (top)
true vocal cords (bottom)

Question 17

what is the ligament from the cricoid cartilage to the trachea?

Answer 17

cricotracheal ligament

Question 18

name the sections of the lower respiratory tract

Answer 18

Right and Left Primary Bronchi
Right and Left Secondary Bronchi
Right and Left Tertiary Bronchi
Right and Left Bronchioles

Question 19

name the lobes of the lungs. what is the lung area around the heart called?
Know the left & right pulmonary artery, and the L&R pulmonary vein.

Answer 19

Right: superior, middle, inferior.
Left: superior, inferior
*cardiac notch
know the diaphragm

Question 20

what is the name of the device that you blow into, which measures how fast and how much air you breathe out?
what is normal breathing rate?

Answer 20

spirometer
16 - 20 breaths per minute

Answer 21

glottis

Question 22

what is tidal volume?
what is inspiratory reserve?
what is expiratory reserve?
what is vital capacity?

Question 23

alveoli, all that…

Question 24

look at the structure of the esophagus and trachea
*know annular ligament for exam

Answer 24

:)

Question 25

know that pneumocyte type 1 is all squamous cells in lungs, pneumocyte type 2 cells produce surfactant

Question 26

what are the 3 layers of the blood air barrier?
what is the thickness of these 3 layers combined?

Answer 26

capillary endothelial layer
fused basement membrane
alveolar cell layer
*0.5 um?

Question 27

go through…

Answer 27

3 right lobes
- Separated by horizontal and oblique fissures
2 left lobes
- Separated by oblique fissure
Cardiac notch - depression between left lung and heart, no notch on right side.
Hilum - where pulmonary vessels, nerves, and lymphatics enter lung
Root of the lung -

Question 28

go through these…

Answer 28

Respiratory rate - number of breaths per minute
Tidal volume (on test) - amount of air moved per breath
Respiratory minute volume - amount of air moved per minute (respiratory rate x tidal volume)
Anatomic dead space - only some of the inhaled air reaches alveolar exchange surfaces, volume of air remaining is dead space.
Alveolar ventilation - amount of air reaching alveoli each minute
Respiratory rate x (tidal volume - anatomic dead space)
Know vital capacity (on test)

Question 29

what is Boyle’s law?

Answer 29