Chapter 4 Pt. 4

Question 1

Sexual assult typically involves how many offenders and victims?

Answer 1

1 offender and 1 victim

Question 2

What time of day does sexual assault usually occur?

Answer 2

night

Question 3

Where do most sexual assaults happen?

Answer 3

in or near the victim’s home

Question 4

True or False: most sexual assaults invvoled a weapon

Answer 4

True

Question 5

True or False: most victims knew their offender

Answer 5

True

Question 6

True or False: Most victims did something to defend themselves

Answer 6

True

Question 7

Victims of ___________ sexual assault offenses were more likely to be reported

Answer 7

attemtped

Question 8

Sexual assaults by __________ were more likely to be reported

Answer 8

strangers

Question 9

______ victims more likely to report

Answer 9

older victims

Question 10

For a long time the criminal justice system has used _____-_____ _____________ as the primary punsihment for sexual offenders

Answer 10

long-term incarceration

Question 11

True or False: prevention and intervention have been great solutions to increase public safety or reduce the likelihood of sex offenses in American society

Answer 11

False; prevention and intervention has done very little to increase public safety

Question 12

__________- the threat of certain, severe, and swift punishment is expected to have distinct effeccts on criminal behavior

Answer 12

deterrence

Question 13

What is the difference between general and specific deterrence?

Answer 13

General deterrence- the use of criminal punishments to deter other people
Specific deterrence- this effect of punishment on deterring individuals from committing future crimes

Question 14

There’s no definitive evidence that the threat of punishment deters sex offender. What are the reasons for this?

Answer 14

1) the most important component for deterrence to work is the certainty of punishment
2) the certainty of punishment for sex offending is extremely low

Question 15

Why is the certainty of punishment for sex offending is extremely low?

Answer 15

1) only a small fraction of all sex offenses are known to the police
2) only about 1/2 of the small number of known offenses are clearly an arrest

Question 16

What are the major problems with laws in enhancing public safety?

Answer 16

1) most sex offenders are not recidivist or specialists
2) most sex offenders victimize people that they know
3) same sex offenders go outside of their “zone”
4) wide disparities in notification level assigned to offenders with similar sexual histories and backgrounds

Question 17

_________ ____________, is produced through the taking of drugs like depoprovera that induces sexual impotence and reduces the production of testosterone

Answer 17

chemical castration

Question 18

Why is the basis for chemical castration flawed?

Answer 18

1) sex offenders are given chemical castration on a voluntary basis
2) assumes that sex offending is a sex crime that’s easily remedied by cutting off one’s sex organs or immoblizing them chemically

Question 19

Reductions in the likelihood of sex offending can occur by __________ one’s exposure to dangerous situations and _________ one’s social/physical guardianship through various types of situational/crime prevention activities

Answer 19

decreasing

increasing

Question 20

Reductions in the likelihood of sex offending can occur by decreasing one’s ________ __ _________ _________ and increasing one’s ______/________ ___________ through various types of ___________/______ ___________ _________

Answer 20

exposure to dangerous situations
social/physical guardianship
situational/crime prevention activities

Question 21

List crime prevention strategies when it comes to sexual offenders?

Answer 21

1) improving the visibility and surveilability of public places at night
2) self-defense training
3) “buddy systems”

Question 22

List rape prevention activities.

Answer 22

1) if you live along use a fake name on mailbox
2) never open the door automatically
3) always look car doors
4) be aware of your surroundings

Question 23

“Clinical” treatments for sex offenders; went from aversion therapy -> _________-_________ ________

Answer 23

cognitive-behavior therapy