Chapter 4 (Psychopharmacology)

Question 1

What is the dose-response (DR) curve?

Answer 1

the relation between drug dose and magnitude of drug effect (note after a certain point, no more of the drug will produce a better effect)

Question 2

The amount of time required to eliminate 50% of the
drug from the body is called?

Answer 2

Half-life

Question 3

the therapeutic index measures what?

Answer 3

The effectiveness of a drug is considered
relative to its safety -> big number is better!

Question 4

The body’s attempt is trying to build _____ to maintain
homeostasis (e.g., the body eliminates ______) in response to repeated drugs.

Answer 4

Tolerance, postsynaptic recepetors

Question 5

Drug distribution depends on two factors…

Answer 5

• depends on lipid solubility
• and on the extent to which the drug binds to blood proteins
  (albumin): increased depot binding  delay and prolongation
  of drug’s effect . . . Only when all albumin is accounted for
  will the drug enter the brain.

Question 6

The study of drug absorption, distribution within the body, and
drug elimination is called

Answer 6

Pharmacokinetics

Question 7

Psychopharmacology is the study of _____

Answer 7

of the effects of drugs on the nervous system and on behavior

Question 8

Depressants: _____ cognitive and behavioral
processing abilities

Provide 3 examples:

Answer 8

Depressants: reduce cognitive and behavioral
processing abilities
- Alcohol
– Barbiturates
– Benzodiazepines

Question 9

Stimulants: _____ cognitive and behavioral
processing abilities

Provide 3 examples:

Answer 9

increase

• Caffeine, nicotine
  – Cocaine
  – Amphetamines

Question 10

Intravenous: this is administered _____
* ___ absorption (of most common methods)
* ____ duration of effect

Answer 10

into the vein, fastest, short

Question 11

Inhalation: This is administered ____
* Quite _____ effect: Medicinal marijuana?

Answer 11

into the lungs, fast

Question 12

Oral: This is administered
* most _____
* Relatively ____, can only use drugs that won’t get broken down in
stomach
* Relatively ____ duration of effect
* Some drugs are altered during digestion: therefore, they must be injected

Answer 12

via the mouth, common, slow, long

Question 13

Topical: This is administered _____
* Very ____ (nicotine patch

Answer 13

via through the skin, slow

Question 14

Pharmacokinetics is the study

Answer 14

of drug absorption, distribution within the body, and drug elimination

Question 15

Absorption depends on the ____

Answer 15

route of administration

Question 16

Drug distribution
* depends on ____
* and on the extent to which the drug binds to blood proteins

Answer 16

lipid solubility

Question 17

(albumin): causes _____ -> which leads to _____
of the drug’s effect… Only when ________
will the drug enter the brain…

Answer 17

increased depot binding, delay, and prolongation, all albumin is accounted for

Question 18

Drug action stops with the help of deactivation
enzymes found in the:
____
____
____
____

Answer 18

– Liver
– Kidney
– Blood
– brain

Question 19

Transmitter substances (NT, Hormones, etc. ) are
_____
_____

Answer 19

– Synthesized, stored, released, and terminated
– Susceptible to drug manipulation

Question 20

4 criteria for NTs

Answer 20

1. must be found in a neuron
2. must be released from terminal buttons with an AP
3. must make EPSP or IPSP on the target issue
4. there must be a mechanism to turn it off (ex. enzymes or reuptake)