Chapter 4 Population Genetics & Natural Selection

Question 1

Identify the attributes of alleles as Mendel investigated with pea plants.

Answer 1

There can be more than two alleles in a population.

They can be either dominant or recessive.

A sexually-reproducing organism will inherit one allele from each parent.

Question 2

Identify the importance of isolation among populations.

Answer 2

It allows the populations to diverge genetically.

It increases the genetic diversity among populations.

Question 3

Select the best example of an ecotype.

Answer 3

The lowland populations of the sticky cinquefoil.

Question 4

Select the best example of a phenotypic plasticity.

Answer 4

A plant that grows more quickly when provided with additional nutrients.

Question 5

Phenotypic variance can be subdivided into which two components?

Answer 5

variance due to environmental effects

inheritable variance due to genetic effects

Question 6

In the presence of non-native plants, soapberry bugs (Jadera haematolama) switched from native plants that have a larger fruit radius to introduced plants with a smaller fruit radius. As a result of switching to a different species plant, these bugs evolved beaks that became ______.

Answer 6

smaller as a result of directional selection acting on a heritable trait

Question 7

Inbreeding typically occurs ______.

Answer 7

in small populations because matings between close relatives are more likely