Chapter 4 - Personality, Culture Values, and Ability

Question 1

The Big Five

Answer 1

Conscientiousness
Agreeableness
Neuroticism
Openness to experiences 
Extraversion

Question 2

Conscientiousness

Answer 2

• dependable
• organized
• reliable
• ambitious
• hardworking
• preserving

e.g. ME

Question 3

Agreeableness

Answer 3

• kind
• cooperative
• sympathetic
• helpful
• warm

e.g. KALEIGH

Question 4

Neuroticism

Answer 4

• nervous
• moody
• emotional
• insecure
• jealous
• unstable

e.g. JULIA

Question 5

Openness to Experiences

Answer 5

• imaginative
• curious
• creative
• complex

e.g. REB

Question 6

Extraversion

Answer 6

• talkative
• sociable
• passionate
• bold
• dominant

e.g. PAIGE

Question 7

Other personality traits

Answer 7

• locus of control

* belief about what causes experiences in life

Question 8

High External Control

Answer 8

• fate
• luck
• powerful people

Question 9

High Internal Control

Answer 9

• personal actions
• free will
• self-initiative

Question 10

Ways to Describe What Employees Can Do

Answer 10

• cognitive/mental ability
• emotional ability
• physical ability

Question 11

Cognitive/mental ability

Answer 11

• general intelligence
• abilities related to knowledge in problem-solving
• reasoning
  
  • problem awareness, reasoning, deductive & inductive
    e. g. judges, surgeons
• spatial
  
  • spatial orientation and visualization
    e. g. pilots, sketch artists
• verbal
  
  • Oral and written comprehension
    e. g. business executives, fireman, police
• quantitative
  
  • number and mathematical facility
    e. g. statisticians
• perceptual
  
  • speed and flexibility of closure, perceptual speed
    e. g. police, pilots, musicians

Question 12

Emotional ability

Answer 12

• Ability to identify one’s own and others emotions
• comes in 4 varieties

1. self-awareness
   
   • the ability of individual to understand the emotions
     they’re feeling
   • willingness to acknowledge emotions
   • capability to accurately express emotions
2. other’s awareness
   
   • the ability of an individual to recognize
   • Ability to understand the emotions others are feeling
3. emotion regulation
   
   • Ability to quickly recover from emotional experiences
     and control one’s feelings
4. use of emotions
   
   • Ability to harness emotions
   • use of emotions to improve their chances of being
     successful in a given area

Question 13

Physical ability

Answer 13

• importance varies according to the nature of the job
• flexibility
• psychomotor
  
  • control and manipulation of objects
• strength
• stamina
  
  • the ability of a person’s lungs and circulatory system to
    work efficiently in physical activity
• sensory
  
  • associated with vision and hearing

Question 14

Effect of personality on performance and commitment

Answer 14

• conscientiousness
  
  • moderate correlation
• cognitive ability
  
  • strong correlation on job performance and weak correlation on commitment

Question 15

Cognitive ability factors

Answer 15

• situation strength
  
  • degree to which situations have clear behavioural
    expectations, incentives or instructions that make
    differences between individuals less important
• trait activation
  
  • degree to which situations provides cues that trigger
    the expression of a given personality trait