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HLST 154 - Professional Communication > Chapter 4: Nonverbal Communication (Lessons 5 & 6) > Flashcards

Chapter 4: Nonverbal Communication (Lessons 5 & 6) Flashcards

(62 cards)

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1
Q

Nonverbal Communication

A

generation of meaning using behaviour other than words

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2
Q

Do verbal and nonverbal communication work separately or together?

A

-together, they should be seen as part of the same system

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3
Q

Nonverbal communication tends to communicate _______ more than verbal communication.

A

emotions

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4
Q

No ______ _________ govern nonverbal communication

A

official guides (ie. dictionaries, thesauruses)

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5
Q

___ to ___% of meaning comes from nonverbal cues

A

60-95%

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6
Q

Effects of nonverbal communication

A

-greater success in work and relationships

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7
Q

Vocal Element (Verbal)

A

-element of verbal communication
-spoken words

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8
Q

Paralanguage (Vocal Nonverbal Element)

A

-a vocal element of nonverbal communication
-verbal but not part of the message
-ie. rate, volume, pitch

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9
Q

Nonvocal Verbal Element

A

-element of verbal communication
-using unspoken symbols
-ie. writing and ASL

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10
Q

Nonvocal Nonverbal Element

A

-facial expressions, body language, eye contact, gestures

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11
Q

Nonverbal communication is primarily _____, while verbal communication is primarily ______ based.

A

biological; culturally

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12
Q

Convincing

A

-nonverbal communication is more convincing
-due to spontaneous nature

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13
Q

Continuous

A

-nonverbal communication is continuous
-people interpret you even when you are not speaking

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14
Q

Contextual

A

-nonverbal communication is highly contextual
-meaning depends on situation and interaction

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15
Q

Informally Learned

A

-nonverbal communication is learned by watching others and based off your own interpretations

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16
Q

Involuntary

A

-nonverbal communication is more below our consciousness
-can be difficult to control

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17
Q

Ambiguity

A

-nonverbal communication is ambiguous
-many misunderstandings
-multiple meanings

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18
Q

Credibility

A

-nonverbal communication is more credible
-we trust more of what people do than what they say
-nonverbal communication is harder to fake

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19
Q

Functions of Nonverbals

A

-reinforce meaning
-substitute meaning
-contradict verbal communication
-influence others
-conversational flow
-relational communication
-expressing identity

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20
Q

Technology

A

-nonverbal communication
-visual and vocal dimensions
-enhances communication and understanding

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21
Q

Complementing

A

-nonverbal behaviour paired with the verbal portion of a message
-used to emphasize meaning
-ie. pointing to the door when asking someone to leave

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22
Q

Contradiction

A

-nonverbal contradicts verbal
-mixed messages
-when persistent, hurt credibility
-ie. saying something mean but following it with a wink

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23
Q

Accenting

A

-emphasizing a word or message
-may change the meaning
-ie. gestures, vocalic cues, pauses

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24
Q

Repeating

A

-nonverbal communication that repeats the meaning of verbal communication
-reinforces
-ie. nodding head while saying “yes”

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25
Pitch
-cues others into our conversational intentions
26
Rising Pitch
-typically indicates a question
27
Falling Pitch
-usually indicates closure
28
Eye Contact
-conversational flow regulator
29
Leave-Taking Behaviours
-nonverbal behaviours used when trying to exit a conversation -ie. checking time
30
Substituting
-when nonverbal substitutes verbal -language barriers -communicating with babies -lost language skills -when verbal communication is not available -ie. waving your server down
31
Deception
-the intentional act of altering information to influence another person -extends beyond lying -includes concealing, omitting, exaggerating -not always intentionally hurtful
32
Relationships are affected by what 3 nonverbals?
-tie signs -immediacy -emotional expressions
33
Tie Signs
-nonverbal cues that communicate intimacy and signal connection -ie. wedding rings, tattoos, holding hands
34
Immediacy Behaviours
-behaviours that lessen the real or perceived distance between communicators -ie. smiling, nodding, touch
35
Cultural Influences on Nonverbals
-nonverbal language differs from culture to culture -ie. kissing in France to say Hello
36
Universal Nonverbals
-smiling, laughter, crying
37
Kinesics
-the study of hand, arm, body, and face movements
38
Body Orientation
-the degree to which we face towards or away from someone with our body, feet, and head
39
Posture
-the way we carry ourselves
40
Gestures
-movement with our arms and hands -3 types: adaptors, emblems, illustrators
41
Adaptors
-touch behaviours and movements -indicate arousal, anxiety, boredom -may result when we are not in control of our surroundings -ie. clicking pen
42
Emblems
-gestures with an agreed upon meaning (culturally) -not formal like ASL -ie. middle finger
43
Illustrators
-most common gestures used to illustrate the verbal message they accompany -cannot stand independently, don't typically have meaning -ie. indicating size/shape of an object
44
SURETY Model
Sit Uncrossed legs and arms Relax Eye contract Touch Your intuition
45
Haptics
-the power of touch -the study of communication by touch -several types of touch
46
Vocalics
-the study of paralanguage -includes pitch, volume, intensity, quality, rate
47
Pitch
-helps convey meaning -regulates conversational flow -communicates the intensity of a message
48
Volume or Intensity
-how loudly or softly an individual speaks
49
Speaking Rate
-how fast or slow a person talks
50
Tone
-controlled with pitch, volume, emphasis
51
Verbal Fillers
-sounds that fill in gaps in our speech as we think about what to say next
52
Proxemics
-the study of how space and distance influence communication
53
Chronemics
-the study of how time affects communication
54
Public Space
-3 meters+ -the least personal
55
Social Space
-1-3 meters -professional or casual interactions
56
Personal Space
-1.5m or less -personal bubble
57
Intimate Space
-less than 1m -sometimes comforting sometimes annoying
58
Territoriality
-an innate drive to take up and defend spaces
59
Primary Territories
-marked or official spaces under our control -ie. house
60
Secondary Territories
-do not belong to us -not exclusively under control but still available to us when needed -ie. desks in a classroom
61
Public Territories
-open to all people -use markers to show when in use
62
Personal Presentation
-our physical characteristics -body shape, height, weight, attractiveness -role in initial impressions

HLST 154 - Professional Communication (9 decks)

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