Chapter 4: Moral Development Flashcards

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1
Q

FREUD
1. Sociocultural standards of _____ and ____ are the basis for an individual’s morality.

  1. Morality develops when the young child identifies with the ____ ____ parent.
  2. Females’ morality is weaker than that of the males because females cannot resolve “Oedipal tensions” –Due to: ____ _____.
A
  1. right and wrong
  2. same sex
  3. penis envy
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2
Q

PIAGET

  • Rules are set and can’t be changed
  • Moral development is promoted by interactions with peers, instead of parents
A

Heteronomous Morality (children)

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3
Q

PIAGET
Adolescents take into account people’s motivations for behavior
*Number 1 thing I want to know here is why.

A

Autonomous Morality

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4
Q

Kolhberg’s 3 levels:

A

pre-conventional, conventional, and post-conventional

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5
Q

KOLHBERG

Rule enforcers and not the rules themselves influence one’s actions (I do not want to get in trouble/get caught)

A

Pre-conventional level

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6
Q

KOLHBERG
right is what agrees with rules established by society, authority, & tradition (concern is
a little more complex. we can’t all break rules because society
would fall apart. For the good of society)

A

Conventional level

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7
Q

KOLHBERG
right comes from self-derived, universal principles (I have come up with the rules-but
not anything goes).

A

Post-conventional level

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8
Q

GILLIGAN

A

-Most females think of morality more personally than do males. Males define themselves as separate from others.
-Ethic of Care characterizes
females’ approach to moral decisions
-This ethic emphasizes compassion & a sense of responsibility to others
-Contrasts with Kohlberg’s (males’) Justice Orientation which emphasizes rules and reason.

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9
Q

Recent research says:

A

BOTH males and females take justice and care issues into consideration when thinking about moral issues

The TYPE of moral dilemma influences moral reasoning MORE than Gender

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10
Q

Culture Critique:

A

Kohlberg’s theory of morality is biased in favor of individualistic thinking

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11
Q

The 3 ethics (worldviews approach)

A

Autonomy, community, and divinity

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12
Q

Emerging adults in the USA rely especially on the Ethic of:

A

Autonomy

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