Chapter 4: health and wellness

Question 1

primary appraisal

Answer 1

an individual’s assessment of an event to determine whether its implications are positive, negative, or neutral

Question 2

secondary appraisal

Answer 2

a person’s answer to the question, “can I handle it?”- an assessment of whether the coping abilities and resources on hand are adequate

Question 3

psychoneuronimmunology (PNI)

Answer 3

the study of the relationship among the brain, the immune system, and psychological factors

Question 4

psychosomatic disorders

Answer 4

medical problems caused by the interaction of psychological, emotional, and physical difficulties

Question 5

defensive coping

Answer 5

unconscious strategies that distort or deny the true nature of a situation

Question 6

hardiness

Answer 6

a personality characteristic associated with a lower rate of stress-related illness

Question 7

resilience

Answer 7

the ability to withstand, overcome, and even thrive after profound adversity

Question 8

emotional insulation

Answer 8

through which people unconsciously try to block emotions and thereby avoid pain

Question 9

social support

Answer 9

assistance and comfort supplied by others