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5. Networks > Chapter 4: Ethernet Basics > Flashcards

Chapter 4: Ethernet Basics Flashcards

1
Q

Ethernet hubs take an incoming packet and ________ it out to the other connected ports.

A

repeat

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2
Q

What is appended to the beginning of the Ethernet frame?

A

Preamble

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3
Q

Which networking devices can use the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP)?

A

Switches

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4
Q

What device directs packets based on MAC address?

A

Switch

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5
Q

What is the IEEE committee that controls Ethernet standards called?

A

802.3

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6
Q

What topology does Ethernet use?

A

Star bus

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7
Q

What is Ethernet?

A

A standard for a family of network technologies that share the same basic bus topology, frame type. and network access method.

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8
Q

What is the purpose of a preamble on a frame?

A

It gives a receiving NIC time to realize a frame is coming and to know exactly where the frame starts.

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9
Q

What does the type field of an Ethernet frame do?

A

Helps the receiving computer interpret the frame contents at a very basic level. (IPv4 or IPv6)

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10
Q

What is the minimum size of an Ethernet frame?

A

64 bytes

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11
Q

What happens if an Ethernet frame has fewer than 64 bytes of data?

A

The sending NIC will automatically add extra data (padding)

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12
Q

What is CSMA/CD?

A

Ethernet networks use a system called carrier sense multiple access/collision detection (CSMA/CD) to determine which computer should use a shared cable at any given moment.

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13
Q

What is a collision domain?

A

A group of nodes (NICs/computers) that have the capability of sending frames at the same time as each other resulting in collisions.

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14
Q

What do the nodes do if a collision occurs?

A

Each node stops transmitting, determines a random time to wait, then retransmits.

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15
Q

What is the average maximum percentage of collisions in an Ethernet network?

A

10 percent

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16
Q

What is the central box for 10BaseT?

A

A hub

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17
Q

Which pins of an RJ-45 connector are used to send data? receive data?

A

Pins 1 and 2 are used to send data

Pins 3 and 6 are used to receive data

18
Q

What does it mean for a NIC to run in half-duplex mode?

A

The NIC can only communicate in one direction at a time, i.e. cannot send while receiving and vice versa.

19
Q

What does it mean for a NIC to run in full-duplex mode?

A

The NIC can send and receive at the same time.

20
Q

What is the arrangement of wires according to the TIA/EIA 568A standard?

A

WG G WO B WB O WBr Br

21
Q

What is the arrangement of wires according to the TIA/EIA 568B standard?

A

WO O WG B WB G WBr Br

22
Q

Fill in the following qualities of 10BaseT

1) Speed:
2) Signal Type:
3) Distance:
4) Node Limit:
5) Topology:
6) Cable Type:
7) Connector:

A

1) 10 Mbps
2) Baseband
3) 100m between hub and node
4) 1024/hub
5) Star bus
6) CAT3 or better UTP
7) RJ-45

23
Q

Fill in the following qualities of 10BaseFL:

1) Speed:
2) Signal Type:
3) Distance:
4) Node Limit:
5) Topology:
6) Cable Type:
7) Connector:

A

1) 10Mbps
2) Baseband
3) 2000m between hub and node
4) 1024/hub
5) Star bus
6) Multimode fiber
7) ST or SC

24
Q

What is a media dependent interface?

A

A regular old port on a hub or switch.

25
Q

What is a media dependent interface crossover (MDIX)?

A

An uplink port on a hub.

26
Q

What is a coupler?

A

A connection device used to extend an Ethernet segment

27
Q

What are the two ways you can connect hubs?

A

1) Uplink ports

2) Crossover cables

28
Q

What kind of cable do you use for connecting hubs using uplink ports?

A

Straight-through (both ends the same wire arrangement)

29
Q

Where do you insert the cable ends when connecting hubs using uplink ports?

A

One end of the cable in the uplink port of one hub and the end to any regular port on the other hub.

30
Q

What is a crossover cable?

A

A UTP cable that has one end arranged according to TIA/EIA 568A and the other according to TIA/EIA 568B.

31
Q

Where do you insert the cable ends when connecting hubs with crossover cables?

A

Each end is plugged into a regular port.

32
Q

What is a bridge?

A

A bridge acts like a repeater or hub to connect two Ethernet networks, and filters and forwards traffic between those segments based on the MAC addresses of the computers on those segments.

33
Q

What does it mean to filter traffic?

A

Stop it from crossing from one network to the next.

34
Q

What does it mean to forward traffic?

A

Pass traffic originating on one side of the bridge to the other.

35
Q

What is the advantage of switches over hubs?

A

A switch effectively creates point-to-point connections between two conversing computers, so every conversation between two computers gets the full bandwidth.

36
Q

A switch stores copies of the MAC addresses of each connected computer in a table called a ___________.

A

Source Address Table (SAT)

37
Q

Why can two nodes connected to a switch send data at the same time?

A

Each port on a switch is in its own collision domain.

38
Q

What is a bridging loop?

A

A redundant connection between switches

39
Q

What is Spanning Tree Protocol (STP)?

A

STP allows switches to detect loops and set the looped port’s state to blocking

40
Q

What is the frame called that STP-enabled switches use to communicate with each other?

A

Bridge Protocol Data Unit (BPDU)

41
Q

What is the stable state of a switch referred to as?

A

Convergence

42
Q

What are the steps for troubleshooting a basic hub/switch?

A

1) Check for obvious physical damage
2) Check for link lights, and try a different port if necessary
3) Check for cable damage
4) In the end, replace it

5. Networks (22 decks)

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