Chapter 13: IPv6 Flashcards

1
Q

3 Benefits of IPv6

A

1) More IP addresses
2) Improved Security
3) More efficient routing scheme

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2
Q

How many bits does one hexadecimal character represent?

A

4

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3
Q

Rules for IPv6 address compression

A

1) Leading zeroes can be dropped (00CF becomes CF)
2) You can use a pair of colons (::) to represent a string of consecutive groups with a value of zero. However, only one double colon can be used per address

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4
Q

Link-Local Address

A

The address that a computer running IPv6 gives itself after first booting.

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5
Q

The first 64 bits of a link local address

A

FE80::/64
otherwise written as
FE80:0000:0000:0000

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6
Q

Name of the second 64 bits of an IPv6 address

A

Interface Identifier

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7
Q

How is the Interface Identifier determined?

A

Either by generating a random number or using the device’s MAC address to create a 64 bit number.

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8
Q

How long is an IPv6 address?

A

128 bits

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9
Q

Max length of an IPv6 subnet

A

64 bits

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10
Q

Unicast Address

A

A unique IP address that is exclusive to a single system

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11
Q

Multicast Addresses

A

A set of reserved addresses designed to go only to certain systems.

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12
Q

If an IPv6 system sends out a multicast to the address _______, only routers read the message while everyone else ignores it. (Router solicitation message)

A

FF02::2

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13
Q

Anycast

A

A method of addressing groups of computers as though they were a single computer. Routers send incoming packets to the closest of the computers in the group.

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14
Q

Global Unicast Address

A

A second IPv6 address that every system needs in order to get on the Internet.

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15
Q

Prefix Delegation

A

An IPv6 router configuration that enables it to request an IPv6 address block from an upstream source, then to disseminate it to local clients.

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16
Q

Aggregation

A

A router hierarchy in which every router underneath a higher router always uses a subnet of that router’s existing routes.

17
Q

Where do the components of an IPv6 address come from?

A

48-bit prefix from the upstream router (ISP)
+
16-bit subnet from default gateway
+
64-bit number either generated randomly or from MAC address

18
Q

Command to see if your system runs IPv6

A

Windows -> ipconfig

Linux/OS X -> ip addr

19
Q

Stateful DHCP

A

A DHCPv6 server that works very similarly to an IPv4 DHCP server passing out IPv6 addresses, subnet masks, and default gateways, as well as optional items

20
Q

Stateless DHCP

A

A DHCPv6 server that only passes out optional info. You should use this mode since aggregation built into IPv6 will take care of all the other shit.

21
Q

4to6

A

A tunneling standard which allows you to encapsulate your IPv6 traffic into an IPv4 tunnel to get to an IPv6 capable router.

22
Q

6to4

A
  • The dominant IPv6 tunneling protocol
  • Doesn’t require a tunnel broker
  • Generally used to connect two routers because it normally requires a public IPv4 address.
23
Q

6in4

A

An IPv6 tunneling protocol that can go through NAT

24
Q

Teredo

A

A NAT-traversal IPv6 tunneling protocol, built into Windows

25
Q

Miredo

A

An open source implementation of Teredo for Linux.

26
Q

Intra-Site Automatic Tunneling Addressing Protocol (ISATAP)

A

An IPv6 tunneling protocol that add the IPv4 address to an IPv6 prefix.

27
Q

Tunnel Broker

A

A service that creates the actual tunnel and offers a custom-made endpoint client for you to use.

28
Q

The two protocols used to set up an IPv6 tunnel

A

1) Tunnel Setup Protocol (TSP)

2) Tunnel Information and Control Protocol (TIC)

29
Q

Overlay Tunnel

A

Enables two IPv6 networks to connect over an existing IPv4 infrastructure.

30
Q

Dual Stack

A

Both IPv4 and IPv6

31
Q

Manual Tunnel

A

A simple point-to-point connection between two IPv6 networks