Chapter 4 Endocrine

Question 1

What is the key difference between steroid hormones and polypeptide hormones with regard to cell membranes?

Answer 1

Steroid hormones can pass through a cell membrane while polypeptide hormones cannot

Question 2

What do polypeptide hormones require in order to affect the interior of a cell?

Answer 2

Secondary messengers

Question 3

What are polypeptide hormones composed of?

Answer 3

Amino acids

Question 4

How many heavy resistance exercise sessions can increase the number of androgen receptors in the muscles?

Answer 4

1-2

Question 5

What are the five potential adaptations occurring in the endocrine system with resistance exercise?

Answer 5

1. Hormone level
2. Transportation
3. Clearance time from liver and other tissues
4. Degradation level
5. Number of receptors

Question 6

What are the four elements to increase serum testosterone concentrations for men?

Answer 6

1. Large muscle groups
2. Short rest periods 30-60s
3. Heavy resistance 85-95% 1RM
4. 2+ years

Question 7

Which hormone promotes growth hormone release?

Answer 7

Testosterone

Question 8

What effect differentiates testosterone from the other anabolic hormones?

Answer 8

Increases neurotransmitters

Question 9

How much less testosterone do women have than men?

Answer 9

15-20 x

Question 10

What anabolic hormone does growth hormone stimulate?

Answer 10

IGF-1

Question 11

When does growth hormone stimulate the release of IGF-1?

Answer 11

Later

Question 12

How does growth hormone affect glucose utilization and lipolysis?

Answer 12

Growth hormone decreases glucose utilization and increases lipolysis

Question 13

How does growth hormone affect collagen synthesis?

Answer 13

Growth hormone increases collagen synthesis

Question 14

Where is growth hormone produced?

Answer 14

Pituitary gland

Question 15

When does growth hormone release increase?

Answer 15

At night

Question 16

Do men or women have higher levels of growth hormone in their blood?

Answer 16

Women

Question 17

How does insulin affect blood sugar?

Answer 17

Insulin promotes glycogenesis, turning blood sugar into stored glycogen

Question 18

What does IGF-1 require to travel in the blood?

Answer 18

Binding protein

Question 19

What type of enzyme does cortisol increase the level of?

Answer 19

Proteolytic enzymes

Question 20

What are the two catabolic hormones that stimulate female sex characteristics?

Answer 20

Progesterone and estradiol

Question 21

What are the primary catecholamines?

Answer 21

Epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine