Chapter 4: Digital Systems and Design Work

Question 1

What are the 5 Work Design Framework Questions?

Answer 1

1. What work will be performed?
2. Who is going to do the work?
3. Where will the work be performed?
4. When will the work be performed?
5. How can IT incude change?

Question 2

What are the four types of work arrangement employed by AMEX

Answer 2

1. Hub (Fixed Desk)
2. Club (Flexible Work)
3. Home (At Home 3d/week)
4. Roam (Travelers)

Question 3

What are the Three Ways IT Changed the Nature of Work?

Answer 3

1. Creating New Types of Work
2. Enabling New Ways to do Traditional Work
3. Supporting New Ways to Manage People

Question 4

Give an example of how IT created a new job or redefined an existing one.

Answer 4

New: Data Scientists/Communication Managers

Question 5

Give an example of how IT changes the way work is done.

Answer 5

Spell Checkers
Work Automation
Communication Patterns (Social, Teams)

Question 6

Collaboration takes place in one of four ways:

Answer 6

1. Teams are collocated and work together at the same time
2. They are collocated but work at different times
3. They are not located in the same place but work at the same time
4. They work from different places at different times.

Question 7

In What Way Does IT impact the Way to Manage People

Answer 7

how employees are supervised, evaluated, compensated, and even hired

Question 8

What are the three formal controls to ensure work is done properly?

Answer 8

1. Behavior Controls
2. Outcome Controls
3. Input Controls

Question 9

Involve direct monitoring and supervision of employee actions while the work is being done

Answer 9

Behavior Controls

Question 10

Involve examining work outcomes rather than work actions

Answer 10

Outcome Controls

Question 11

Formal Control that involves managing human, financial, and material project resources.

Answer 11

Input Controls

Question 12

Which Control mechanism is best suited for Physical Labour?

Answer 12

Behavior Controls

Question 13

Which Control mechanism is best used to Engineers, Sales Managers, or Ad writers?

Answer 13

Outcome Controls

Question 14

When are input controls best used?

Answer 14

when it would take several years to evaluate the results of work

Question 15

Replace direct human supervision with data gathered from equipment sensors or from software

Answer 15

Technology-Mediated Controls

Question 16

What are the three types of flexible work arrangements

Answer 16

1. Teleworking
2. Mobile Workers
3. Remote Workers

Question 17

Refers to employees working from home, at a customer site, or from other convenient locations instead of coming into the corporate office.

Answer 17

Teleworking

Question 18

Those who work from wherever they are

Answer 18

Mobile Workers

Question 19

Broad term we use to encompass teleworkers, telecommuters, and mobile workers

Answer 19

Remote Workers

Question 20

Virtual teams are defined as two or more people who

Answer 20

1. Work together
2. Have the same Goals
3. Work in Different Locations and Times
4. Must use electronic communication

Question 21

What are the 5 factors driving the use of remote work and virtual teams?

Answer 21

1. Shift to Knowledge Based Work
2. Changing Lifestyle Preferences
3. New Technologies with Enhanced Bandwith
4. Reliance on Web
5. Energy Concerns

Question 22

What are the 6 advantages of Remote Work

Answer 22

1. Reduced stress due to increased ability to meet schedules and to have fewer work‐related distractions
2. Higher morale; lower absenteeism
3. Geographic flexibility for worker; capitalization on distant expertise for organization
4. Higher personal productivity
5. Inclusion of housebound individuals in the workforce
6. Very informal dress is acceptable

Question 23

What are the 6 disadvantages of Remote Work

Answer 23

1. Increased stress from inability to separate work life from home life
2. Harder for managers to control, evaluate, and reward performance
3. Remote workers may become disconnected from company culture
4. Lack of suitability for all jobs or employees
5. Remote workers may be more easily replaced by offshore workers
6. Harder to achieve high security

Question 24

What are Lewin’s Three Stages in Change Management?

Answer 24

1. Unfreezing
2. Changing
3. Refreezing

Question 25

Technology Acceptance Models Suggests:

Answer 25

managers cannot get employees to use a system until they want to use it.