Chapter 4 Chemical Reactions Flashcards
Atom
Is the smallest particles from any element that retains the properties of the element
Subatomic particles
Are the particles that make up an atom Proton-> positive, nucleus Electron-> negative, shells Neutron-> neutral, nucleus Most mass in nucleus, most volume in shells, number protons = electrons
Compound
Is a pure substance that is composed of two or more atoms combined in a specific way
Atomic number
The Atomic number = # protons
To find the amount of neutrons
Atomic mass - atomic number= neutrons
Periodic table
Columns - groups Rows- periods 1- alkali metals 2- alkaline earth metals 17- halogens 18- Nobel gasses
Valence she’ll/electrons
The outermost electrons and she’ll
Shells- 2 8 8 18
Metals in the middle of periodic table
Transition metals
Ions
When atoms gain or lose electrons, they become charged particles
Multivalent
When metals can form ions in different ways
Have more then one charge
Bohr diagram
Diagram that shows all the electrons surrounding the nucleus
Ionic bonding
One or more electrons transfers from each atom of the metal to each atom of the non-metal
Covalent compound
Atoms are shared together
Molecule- group of atoms sharing electrons
Naming ionic
Metal & non-metal Electrons transferred Name metal then non- metal with "ide" If metal more then 1 charge use Roman numerals If polyatomic don't change ending Iron (lll) sulphide
Naming covalent
2 non-metals Electrons shared Use prefixes Don't use mono for first name Carbon tetrachloride CCl4
Diatomic seven
H NOF down
Hydrogen H2, nitrogen N2, oxygen O2, chlorine Cl2, bromine Br2, iodine I2
