Chapter 4 - Biomechanical Principles of Training Flashcards

1
Q

Lever

A

A simple machine that has a rigid bar rotating around a point of rotation in order to multiply the effect of mechanical force or increase the distance force is applied.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Fulcrum

A

The point of rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Lever arm

A

The distance through which force is applied.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Sticking point

A

The hardest point of the lift

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

First Law of Motion

A

To overcome an object’s inertia, a force must be applied. The objects’ inertia is proportional to its mass.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Second Law of Motion

A

A force is proportional to the product of an object’s mass multiplied by its acceleration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Third Law of Motion

A

A force cannot act alone on an object. A force is always met by another force.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Inertia

A

The resistance an object has

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Force equation

A

F = M X A, mass times acceleration.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Magnitude

A

The size referred to in a vector quantity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Torque

A

The rotational effect of a force

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Mechanical Work equation

A

W = F X d, force times distance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Angular work equation

A

Angular moment multiplied by angular displacement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Positive work

A

The motive force and the movement direction are both the same.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Negative work

A

The motive force and the movement direction are opposite.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Power equation

A

Work divided by time

17
Q

Power

A

The rate at which force can be produced

18
Q

Antalgic gait abnormality

A

A self-protective result of injury to the pelvis, hip, knee, ankle, or foot

19
Q

Arthrogenic gait abnormality

A

Results from stiffness, laxity, or deformity

20
Q

Equinis gait abnormality

A

I nadequate dorsiflexion range

21
Q

Shot leg gait abnormality

A

Leg length difference

22
Q

Biomechanics

A

The branch of science that applies the mechanics’ principles to living organisms

23
Q

Angular movement in the Law of Inertia

A

An object will maintain a constant angular velocity unless acted on by an external torque.

24
Q

Angular movement in the Law of Acceleration

A

The angular acceleration of an object is produced by a torque directly proportional to that torque and inversely proportional to the object’s moment of inertia.

25
Angular movement in the Law of Reaction
For every torque, there is a reaction torque equal in magnitude and opposite in direction.
26
Total Caloric Expenditure
Metabolic measure of the volume of activity a person has completed.
27
Active muscle force
The muscular contraction force created through the sliding filament theory.
28
Passive muscle force
Passive refers to the fact that this force is generated not by the muscle itsell but by the application of an outside force to prestretch the muscle.
29
Biomechanics response to the Antalgic gait
Stance phases of two limbs are not equal in time.
30
Biomechanics response to the Arthrogenic gait
Unequal step lengths of the two limbs and circumduction of the affected limb.
31
Biomechanics response to the Equinus gait
- Weight bearing on lateral edge of the foot - Decreased stance time on affected side - Pelvis and femur may be laterally rotated
32
Biomechanics response to the Short leg gait
- Pelvic obliquity - Exaggerated flexion of knee and hip of unaffected limb - Hip "hiking" during swing phase for foot clearance - Transverse plane movement of arm on one side