Chapter 4: Behavioral Coaching

Question 1

Physical activity

Answer 1

Bodily movement that results in energy expenditure and encompasses many modes and intensities. Movement that is not structured exercise such as recreational pursuit (e.g. golfing, gardening and walking)

Question 2

Autonomy

Answer 2

Acting in accordance with how one wants to behave

Question 3

Third space

Answer 3

A communal space, separate from home or work, where the client experiences their own sense of identity and relation to others

Question 4

Behavior change techniques (BCTs)

Answer 4

Client interventions that are used to change some determinant of behavior

Question 5

Self-efficacy

Answer 5

One’s belief that they can complete a task; also known as self-confidence

Question 6

Self-monitoring

Answer 6

Observing, measuring and evaluating one’s own behavior, eg in form of a diary

Question 7

Determinants of behavior

Answer 7

psychological, social and environmental factors that influence behavior

Question 8

Intention

Answer 8

Construct that captures motivational factors that influence behavior. It indicates how hard people are willing to try and how much effort they are planning to exert

Question 9

Self-determination theory

Answer 9

Broad theoretical framework for the study of human motivation

Question 10

Autonomous motivation

Answer 10

When motives for exercise relate to valuing the outcome, when exercise is consistent with the client’s identify, or when the client enjoys exercise

Question 11

Attitudes

Answer 11

Degree to which a person has a favorable or unfavorable evaluation of the behavior of interest

Question 12

Outcome expectations

Answer 12

Expected positive and negative consequences of a behavior

Question 13

Perceived behavioral control

Answer 13

Evaluation of whether one has the means, resources and opportunities to perform a behavior

Question 14

Affective judgment

Answer 14

Referring to expected pleasure or enjoyment

Question 15

Subjective norms

Answer 15

Belief that an important person or group of people will approve and support a behavior

Question 16

Precontemplation

Answer 16

Client does not exercise and not planning to start exercising within 6 months

Question 17

Contemplation

Answer 17

When a person is thinking about implementing change but has not yet taken any steps to get started; may take in action within the next 6 months

Question 18

Preparation

Answer 18

Client intends to act in the near future, usually within the next month

Question 19

Action

Answer 19

Client has made specific modifications in their exercise routine within the past 6 months

Question 20

Maintenance

Answer 20

Client has been exercising for more than 6 months and is working to prevent relapse

Question 21

Decisional balance

Answer 21

Reflects the clients’ weighing of the pros and cons of changing

Question 22

Reflective listing

Answer 22

Process of seeking to understand the meaning of the speaker’s words and restating the idea back to the speaker to confirm that they were understood correctly

Question 23

Active listening

Answer 23

Listening style that involves having genuine interest in what the speak is saying; requires the listener to fully concentrate to understand the speaker’s message

Question 24

Closed-ended questions

Answer 24

Directive questions that can be answered with one word, typically yes or no

Question 25

Open-ended questions

Answer 25

Non-directive questions that cannot be answered with a simple yes/no; they require critical thinking to formulate a response

Question 26

Collecting summaries

Answer 26

Short sentence that continues the client’s thoughts and add momentum to the conversation

Question 27

Linking summaries

Answer 27

Summaries that tie together information the client presented

Question 28

Transitional summaries

Answer 28

Summaries used to wrap up a session or announce a shift in focus

Question 29

Affirmations

Answer 29

Positive statements about character strengths

Question 30

Motivational interviewing

Answer 30

Client-centered, directive method for enhancing intrinsic motivation to change by exploring and resolving ambivalence

Question 31

Self-discrepancy

Answer 31

Internal conflict that occurs when an individual compares their actual self with their ideal self

Question 32

Sustain talk

Answer 32

Talk that represents and predicts movement away from change

Question 33

Change talk

Answer 33

Talk that reflects movement of the person toward behavior change

Question 34

Implementation intentions

Answer 34

Behavior change technique that links a goal-directed response to situational cues by specifying when where and how to act

Question 35

Coping plans

Answer 35

Behavior change technique that involves anticipating barriers to gaol action and proactively preparing strategies that prioritize intentional behavior over counterproductive habitual responses

Question 36

Self-talk

Answer 36

Internal dialog in which the individual interprets feelings and perceptions, regulates and changes evaluations and convictions, and gives himself/herself instructions and reinforcement

Question 37

Reverse listening

Answer 37

Replacing negative statements with positive statements

Question 38

Stopping

Answer 38

Saying stop to undesired statements

Question 39

Cognitive fusion

Answer 39

When people believe the exact content of their own thoughts

Question 40

Imagery

Answer 40

Process created to produce internalized experiences

Question 41

Appearance imagery

Answer 41

When a person imagines appearance or health-related outcomes

Question 42

Energy imagery

Answer 42

When a person creates mental images that increase energy and/or relieve stress

Question 43

Technique imagery

Answer 43

When individuals mentally rehearse their technique

Question 44

Psyching up

Answer 44

Process to get oneself into a state if psychological readiness for performance