Chapter 4

Question 1

All the chemicals reaction that occur in the body to maintain itself. The process by which nutrients are acquired, transported, used, and disposed of by the body.

Answer 1

Metabolism

Question 2

This is the study of how energy transforms within living systems.

Answer 2

Bioenergetics

Question 3

This is the total of all the bodily processes from the stress that exercise produces.

Answer 3

Exercise metabolism

Question 4

The substance that is acted on by an enzyme.

Answer 4

Substrates

Question 5

An organic compound that is an important source of energy, eventually broken down in the body into glucose. The primary supporting tissue of plants.

Answer 5

Carbohydrates

Question 6

This is a sugar that can come in many different forms. It occurs primarily in tissues, fluids, and fruits. Primary end product after the digestion of carbohydrates.

Answer 6

Glucose

Question 7

This is a polysaccharide that is tasteless and white and is the primary carbohydrate storage in mammals. It occurs primarily in the muscles as well as in the liver.

Answer 7

Glycogen

Question 8

This is a type of organic compound that is insoluble in water but soluble in alcohol and ether. These are comprised of lipids and our greasy to the human touch.

Answer 8

Fat

Question 9

These are three fatty acids that connect to a glycerol. This makes up most of the fat storage in the human body.

Answer 9

Triglycerides

Question 10

Multiple linked amino acids (20+) in a linear sequence that form one or more polypeptide chain.

Answer 10

Protein

Question 11

When glucose is formed from a non-carbohydrate such as fats or protein.

Answer 11

Gluconeogenesis

Question 12

The transfer and energy storage unit inside of the cells of the body. When the chemical bonds that hold together ATP break, energy is released for work such as the contraction of a muscle. When this bond breaks it leaves behind ADP (Adenosine diphosphate).

Answer 12

Adenosine triphosphate

Question 13

This is a compound of high energy from which ATP is formed.

Answer 13

Adenosine diphosphate

Question 14

This is the first process that breaks down fatty acids. It includes the oxidation of beta carbons and removing to fragments of carbon from the fatty acid.

Answer 14

Beta (B)-oxidation

Question 15

Metabolism will elevate after higher intensity exercises. The reason that you see high-intensity interval training as a successful method for shedding fat. High-intensity work will increase EPOC.

Answer 15

EPOC (Excess Post-exercise oxygen consumption)