Chapter 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

Composed of the respiratory and cardiovascular system

A

Cardiorespiratory system

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2
Q

Blood vessels, blood, and the heart

A

The cardiovascular system

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3
Q

Carry blood away from the heart to the rest of the body

A

Arteries

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4
Q

Return blood to the heart from the rest of the body

A

Veins

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5
Q

The amount of blood pumped out the heart with each contraction

A

Stroke volume

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6
Q

Heart rate × stroke volume

A

Cardiac output

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7
Q

The “pacemaker” of the heart because it initiates the heartbeat

A

Sinoatrial (SA) node

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8
Q

What is the typical heart rate for an adult?

A

70-80 BPM

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9
Q

The heart has two pairs of different chambers. These chambers are called the ____ and ____.

A

Atriums and ventricles

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10
Q

What is the function of the heart’s right atrium?

A

Receives blood coming from the body

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11
Q

What is the function of the heart’s left atrium?

A

Receives blood (oxygen-rich) coming from the lungs and the heart

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12
Q

What is the function of the heart’s right ventricle?

A

Pumps blood a short distance back to the heart and the lungs (has thinner walls than the left)

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13
Q

What is the function of the heart’s left ventricle?

A

Pushes blood to the rest of the body (has much thicker walls then the right and is a much higher pressure pump)

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14
Q

What are the 3 functions of blood?

A

Protection, Regulation, & Transportation

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15
Q

Which function of blood is being described: The white blood cells help to protect your body against diseases and blood clotting helps with fluid loss.

A

Protection

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16
Q

Which function of blood is being described: Blood helps keep a stable body temperature, electrolyte, and water level as well as pH.

A

Regulation

17
Q

Which function of blood is being described: The primary function of blood is to transport nutrients and oxygen to the cells of the body. It also takes away CO2 and various wastes from the cells and delivers hormones to specific tissues.

A

Transportation

18
Q

These are the thoracic and abdominal structures that help with the contraction and expansion of the lungs.

A

The respiratory pump

19
Q

The muscles that comprise the respiratory pump are for ____ and ____

A

Inhalation and exhalation

20
Q

Which muscles that comprise the respiratory pump are for inhalation?

A

The Scalene muscles, the peck minor, sternocleidomastoid, and the diaphragm

21
Q

Which muscles that comprise the respiratory pump are for exhalation?

A

The internal intercostals and the abdominal muscles

22
Q

What is the cycle of the respiratory pump (venous return), inhalation?

A
  1. The thoracic cavity expands new
  2. The pressure within the pleural cavities drop
  3. This pulls air to the lungs
  4. It also brings blood into the IVC and the right atrium from the smaller veins that exist in the abdominal cavity
23
Q

What is the cycle of the respiratory pump (venous return), exhalation?

A
  1. The pressure in the pleural cavities rise
  2. This forces blood into the right atrium
  3. This is important especially for heavy exercises