Chapter 4 Flashcards
Increase in Demand
P* increases
Q* increases
Demand curve right
upward movement along the supply curve towards new Equilibrium
Decrease in Demand
P* decreases
Q* decreases
downward movement along the supply curve towards new Equilibrium
Increase in Supply
P* decrease
Q* increase
downward movement along the demand curve towards new Equilibrium
Decrease in supply
P* increase
Q* decrease
upward movement along the demand curve towards new Equilibrium
Increase in expected price
Increase in demand = rightward shift
Decrease in supply = leftward shift
P* increase
Q* ambiguous
Decrease in expected price
Decrease in demand = leftward shift
Increase in supply = rightward shift
P* decrease today
Q* ambiguous
Equilibrium Price Increase
zIncrease in Demand P* Increases Q* Increases Entry of new firm Increase in Supply Q*1 => Q*2 => Q*3, Q* Increases Between Q*1-Q*3, ambiguities
Increase in Demand > Increase in Supply
P*1
P*1
P1 = P3
Increase in Demand
P1 > P3
P1 > P3
Increase in Demand
P* Decrease
Q* Decreases
Q1 => Q2 => Q3, Q Decrease
Price Ceiling
Maximum legal price
binding price ceiling
Price ceiling
Price ceiling >= P*
non-binding price ceiling
shortage
Quantity Demanded - Quantity supplied
Effects of price control
Bribery/Discrimination
Black market
Quality of housing decrease
Growth rate of new apartments decreases
Alternative to price control
Subsidize new apartments
Price Floor
Minimum legal price(
binding wage floor
Wage floor > W*
Unemployment
Labor supplied - Labor demanded
Reasons for unemployment
Lease education, experience, training, skills
Alternatives for agriculture
subsidize to produce less
Export surplus to other country
Reason for NonBinding
Preventive action
Market Failure
Fails to allocate resources efficiently
Lack of competition
Too few firms = P* too high
Positive Externality
Free-rider problem
Negative Externality
smokers, Taxes imposed to reduce impact
Income Inequality/poverty
Anti poverty programs/welfare - social security, wic, medicare, unemployment