Chapter 4

Question 1

Socialization

Answer 1

The lifelong process of social interaction in which the individual acquires a social identity and ways of thinking, feeling and acting that are essential for effective participation in a society

Question 2

Role

Answer 2

The behavior we play different roles I’m different positions

Question 3

Internalization

Answer 3

The process of learning cultural behaviors and expectation so deeply that we assume they are correct and accept them without question

Question 4

Nature V. Nurture

Answer 4

If we learn something naturally, rather than learning it through experience, genetics V. learning

Question 5

Sociobiology

Answer 5

Applies biological principles to explain the behavior of animals, including human beings

Question 6

Social learning theories

Answer 6

maintains tat apple learn new attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors through social interactions especially during childhood

Question 7

Direct learning

Answer 7

Being rewarded or punished, we learn many behaviors through reinforcement

Question 8

Indirect learning

Answer 8

Imitating people who are important in our lives (modeling)

Question 9

Self

Answer 9

An awareness of ones social identity

Question 10

Looking-glass self

Answer 10

A self-image based on how we thing others see us (Reflected self)

Question 11

The three phases

Answer 11

1. Perception 2. Interpretation 3. Response

Question 12

Role taking

Answer 12

Learning to take the perspective of others

Question 13

Significant other

Answer 13

the people who are important in ones life

Question 14

Charles Horton Cooley

Answer 14

Developed the looking-glass self

Question 15

George Herbert Mead

Answer 15

Argued that humans developed a self or an awareness of ones social identity

Question 16

I

Answer 16

Creative and unpredictiabel self

Question 17

Me

Answer 17

Successfully socialized and aware of others attitudes

Question 18

Three stages of development

Answer 18

1. Preparatory 2. Play 3. Game

Question 19

Anticipatory socialization

Answer 19

The process of learning how to perform a role ones does not yet occupy

Question 20

Generalized others

Answer 20

Peoples who don’t have close ties to a child but who influences her or his internalization of societies norms and values

Question 21

Impression mangement

Answer 21

the process of providing information and cues to others to present oneself in a favorable light while downplaying or concealing ones less appealing qualities

Question 22

Erving Goffman

Answer 22

Staging the self in everyday life, We engage in role performance, we are actors in society

Question 23

Reference group

Answer 23

Groups of people who shape an individuals self-image, behavior, values, and attitudes indifferent contexts

Question 24

Agent of socialization

Answer 24

the individuals, groups, or institutions that teach us what we need to know to participate effectively in society

Question 25

Authoritarian

Answer 25

Very demanding, controlling, punitive

Question 26

Authoritative

Answer 26

Demanding, controlling, warm, supportive

Question 27

Permissive

Answer 27

Not demanding, warm, indulgent, set few rules

Question 28

Uninvolved

Answer 28

Neither supportive nor controlling

Question 29

Peer groups

Answer 29

People who are similar in age, social status and interest

Question 30

Resocialization

Answer 30

the process if unlearning old ways of doing things, and adopting new attitudes, values, norms and behavior

Question 31

Total institutions

Answer 31

Places where people are isolated from the res of scout, stripped of their former identities and required to conform to new rules and behaviors