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Biol 251 Lecture > Chapter 4 > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Common characteristics that all living things share

A

basic shapes, internal content, DNA chromosomes, ribosomes, metabolic characters

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2
Q

Basic shapes cells can have

A

Spherical, cubical, cylindrical

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3
Q

Two basic cell types

A

Eukaryotic and prokaryotic

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4
Q

What has eukaryotic cells

A

Animals, plants, fungi and protists

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5
Q

Components of eukaryotic cells

A

contain membrane-bound organelles and double membrane-bound nucleus with DNA chromosomes

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6
Q

membrane bound organelles

A

Compartmentalize the cytoplasm

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7
Q

What has prokaryotic cells

A

Bacteria and archea

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8
Q

Components of prokaryotic cells

A

No nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles

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9
Q

Characteristics of life

A

reproductions
Growth/development
Metabolism
moment irritability
cells support/protection/storage mechanism, transport of nutrients and waste

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10
Q

genome

A

All of an organisms genetic material

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11
Q

Flagelar arrangements

A

Single flagellum at one end

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12
Q

Momotrichous

A

single falgellum at one end

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13
Q

Lophotokhous

A

small bucnhes emerginign form the same stie

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14
Q

amphitrchous

A

flagellum at both ends of cell

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15
Q

Peritrichous

A

flagella distributed over the surface of cell

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16
Q

Whta do fagellar repsonses do?

A

Guide bacteria in a direction in reposonse to external stimulus

17
Q

chemotaxis

A

chemical stimuli, positive or neagtive

18
Q

phototaxis

A

light stimuli

19
Q

what way does flagella move if it motions counterclokwise

A

ina. line called a run

20
Q

way does flagella move if it motions clockwise

A

circles, tummbles

21
Q

what are fimbre

A

fine, hairlike bristles emerging form the cell surface

22
Q

Fimbraie function?

A

adhesion to other cells and surfaces

23
Q

what is pili

A

rigid tubular structures

24
Q

what are pili made of

A

pilin protien

25
Q

what are pili only found in

A

gram negative cells

26
Q

what do pili function in

A

conjunction

27
Q

conjunction

A

join bacterial cells for partial DNA transfer

28
Q

Glycocalyx

A

coating of molecules external to the cell wall

29
Q

what are glycocalyx made of

A

sugar and protien

30
Q

What are the two types of glycocalyx

A

slime layer capsule

31
Q

Slime

A

Loosly organized

32
Q

capsule

A

highly organized

33
Q

Function of glycoclayx

A

protects cells from dehydration and nutrient loss, inhibit killing by white blood cells by phagocytosis, contributing of pathogenitcity

34
Q

Bioflim

A

Glycocalyx forming and attaching

35
Q

Cell envelope

A

external covering outside in cytoplasm maintain cell integrity

36
Q

Two layers of cell enevlope

A

cell membrane and cell wall

37
Q
A

Biol 251 Lecture (12 decks)

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