Chapter 4

Question 1

What are the 3 common characteristics of all living things ?

Answer 1

Basic shape
internal content
DNA chromosomes

Question 2

What are the two types of cells that make up prokaryotes?

Answer 2

Bacteria and archaea

Question 3

chemical and physical life processes

Answer 3

Metabolism

Question 4

cell walls, vacuoles, granules and inclusions are considered to be storage mechanisms, _____, and cell ____

Answer 4

Protection; support

Question 5

surface coating is called

Answer 5

Glycocalyx

Question 6

Flagella is made of what 3 parts

Answer 6

Filament, hook and basal body

Question 7

flagellar response includes Chemical stimuli known as _____ or Light stimuli known as _____

Answer 7

chemotaxis; phototaxis

Question 7

single flagellum at one end

Answer 7

Monotrichous

Question 8

flagella at both ends of cell

Answer 8

Amphitrichous

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the action of the
prokaryotic flagellum?
A. It whips back and forth to move the cell
B. It extends and contracts to move the cell
C. It rotates to move the cell
D. It attaches to the environment and pulls the cell
E. It is capable of all of the above

Answer 9

E. It is capable of all of the above

Question 10

Found only in gram-negative cells and
Function to join bacterial cells for partial DNA transfer called
conjugation

Answer 10

Pili

Question 11

Fine, proteinaceous, hairlike bristles emerging from the cell
surface and Functions in adhesion to other cells and surfaces

Answer 11

Fimbriae

Question 12

What are the 2 types of glycocalyx?

Answer 12

Slime layer and capsule

Question 13

What are the functions of the glycocalyx?

Answer 13

-Protect cells from dehydration and nutrient loss
-Inhibit killing by white blood cells by phagocytosis,
contributing to pathogenicity
-Attachment - formation of biofilms

Question 14

Gram positive cell walls are made of 6 chemical components. What are they?

Answer 14

Peptidoglycan
Teichoic acid
Lipoteichoic acid
Mycolic acids and
polysaccharides*

Question 14

What are the two basic layers of the cell envelope?

Answer 14

cell wall
cell membrane

Question 15

Some cells have a ______ _____, between the cell
membrane and cell wall

Answer 15

periplasmic space

Question 16

Gram negative cells are made of 4 components. What are they ?

Answer 16

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)
Lipoprotein
Peptidoglycan
Porin proteins

Question 17

Differential stain that distinguishes between ____ ___cell wall and ____ ___cell wall

Answer 17

Gram positive; gram negative

Question 17

Gram positive cells have ___ layers
Gram negative cells have ___ layers

Answer 17

1;2

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT found in the Gram-Negative
cell wall structure?
A. Porins
B. Teichoic Acids
C. Periplasmic Space
D. Lipopolysaccharides
E. Peptidoglycan

Answer 18

B. Teichoic Acids

Question 19

return to vegetative growth

Answer 19

Germination

Question 19

a collection of bacterial cells which share an
overall similar pattern of traits in contrast to other bacteria
whose pattern differs significantly

Answer 19

Species

Question 19

Single, circular, double-stranded DNA molecule that
contains all the genetic information required by a cell

Answer 19

Chromosomes

Question 20

What is Site of protein synthesis and Found in all cells

Answer 20

Ribosomes

Question 21

formation of endospores

Answer 21

Sporulation

Question 22

a culture derived from a single parent that
differs in structure or metabolism from other cultures of that
species (biovars, morphovars)

Answer 22

Strain or variety

Question 23

Round bacterial cells growing in irregular clusters would be
best described as:
A. Streptococci
B. Streptobacilli
C. Staphylococci
D. Tetrads

Answer 23

C. Staphylococci

Question 24

Organisms in the Domain Archaea have peptidoglycan in
their cell wall.
A. True
B. False

Answer 24

B. False

Question 24

What is the name of the bacteria that causes Rocky Mountain spotted fever?

Answer 24

Rickettsia rickettisii