Chapter 3

Question 1

When using a microscope, the ability to show detail on the specimen is called the ____ _____ of the microscope.

Answer 1

Resolving power

Question 2

What Lens of the microscope forms the magnified real image?

Objective lens
ocular lens
binomial lens
refractory light

Answer 2

The objective lens

Question 3

_____ power × ____ power = total magnification

Answer 3

objective; ocular

Question 4

In order to get the best resolution possible with a light microscope, you would want:
A. Long wavelengths of light
B. Short wavelengths of light
C. The wavelength doesn’t affect resolution

Answer 4

B. Short wavelengths of light

Question 5

most widely used; specimen is darker than
surrounding field; used for live, unstained, and preserved,
stained specimens

Answer 5

Bright-field

Question 6

brightly illuminated specimens surrounded by
______; used for live and unstained specimens

Answer 6

Dark-field

Question 7

transforms subtle changes in light waves
passing through the specimen into differences in light
intensity, best for observing intracellular structures

Answer 7

Phase-contrast

Question 8

Modified microscope with an ultraviolet radiation source and
filter.
Uses dyes that emit visible light when bombarded with
shorter UV rays. What kind of microscope is this?

Answer 8

Fluorescence Microscope

Question 9

Uses a laser beam of light to scan the specimen.
Integrates images to allow focus on multiple depths or planes. This is Called a ____ microscope

Answer 9

Scanning Confocal Microscope

Question 10

A powerful microscope used to observe the most minute specimens

Answer 10

Electron Microscopy

Question 11

When using an electron microscope, Specimen requires special stains
or treatment.

True or false

Answer 11

true

Question 12

When using an electron microscope Specimen is placed on___ ____ and when using a light microscope specimen is placed on ___ ___.

Answer 12

Copper mesh;Glass slide

Question 13

What are the names of the 2 Types of Electron Microscopes ?

Answer 13

Transmit electron microscope (TEM) and
Scanning electron microscope (SEM)

Question 14

____ ____ or ____ ____ ___allow examination
of characteristics of live cells: size, motility, shape, and arrangement

Answer 14

wet mounts; hanging drop mounts

Question 15

____ ____ are made by drying and heating a film of specimen. This smear is stained using dyes to permit visualization of cells or cell parts.

Answer 15

Fixed mounts

Question 16

What dye is cationic, positively charged chromophore?

Answer 16

Basic dyes

Question 17

surfaces of microbes are negatively
charged and attract basic dyes. What kind of staining is this?

Answer 17

Positive staining

Question 18

anionic, negatively charged chromophore is a ____ dye

Answer 18

acidic dye

Question 19

when using a ____ stain, the microbe repels dye and the dye stains the background

Answer 19

Negative stain

Question 20

A stain that uses only one dye and reveals shape, size, and
arrangement

Answer 20

Simple stains

Question 21

which type of stain uses a primary stain and a counterstain to distinguish cell types or parts? (examples: Gram stain, acid-
fast stain, and endospore stain)

Answer 21

Differential stains

Question 22

A stain that reveals certain cell parts not revealed by conventional methods.

Answer 22

Structural stains

Question 23

The 6 I’s of Culturing Microbes are….

Answer 23

Inoculation
Isolation
Incubation
Inspection
Information gathering
Identification

Question 24

Media can be classified according to three properties which are…

Answer 24

• Physical state
• Chemical composition
• Functional type

Question 25

solid media containing beef extract,
peptone, and agar

Answer 25

Nutrient agar

Question 26

contains pure organic and inorganic compounds
in an exact chemical formula

Answer 26

Synthetic

Question 27

contains at least one ingredient
that is not chemically definable

Answer 27

Complex or nonsynthetic

Question 28

contains complex organic substances such
as blood, serum, hemoglobin, or special growth factors
required by fastidious microbes

Answer 28

Enriched media

Question 29

contains one or more ingredients that inhibit
growth of some microbes and encourage growth of the desired
microbes

Answer 29

Selective media

Question 30

allows growth of several types of microbes
and produces visible differences among those microbes

Answer 30

Differential media

Question 31

CHROMagar contains several
dyes and is used to diagnose
Urinary Tract Infections. The
patient’s sample is inoculated
and based on the color of the
colonies you can identify the
pathogen. CHROMagar is best
described as:
A. Enriched
B. Selective
C. Differential
D. Complex

Answer 31

C. Differential

Question 32

contains sugars that can be fermented, converted to acids, and a pH indicator to
show this reaction. This is known as a _____ ______ medium

Answer 32

Carbohydrate fermentation medium