chapter 4

Question 1

the first person to study human emotions systematically

Answer 1

John Watson

Question 2

use of Pavlovian conditioning to reverse the unwanted effects of previous conditioning

Answer 2

counterconditioning

Question 3

an emotional response to a stimulus that is acquired through Pavlovian conditioning

Answer 3

conditioned empotional responses (CERs)

Question 4

a form of counterconditioning in which a patient imagines progressively anxiety evoking scenes while relaxed

Answer 4

systematic desensitazation

Question 5

person is gradually exposed to the fear-evoking stimulus while feeling relaxed

Answer 5

exposure therapy

Question 6

A form of exposure therapy that relies on technology that creates simulated scenes that arouse anxiety.

Answer 6

Virtual reality exposure therapy

Question 7

perverse or unnatural ways someone receives sexual pleasure

Answer 7

Paraphilias

Question 8

a CS that elicits inappropriate sexual arousal is followed by a noxious US.

Answer 8

Aversion therapy

Question 9

An aversion to foods with a particular flavor acquired through Pavlovian conditioning

Answer 9

Conditioned taste aversion (aka conditioned food avoidance)

Question 10

A taste (NS) is paired with a US (e.g., poison) that makes the organism sick such that the taste becomes a CS for sickness (CR)

Answer 10

Taste-aversion experiment

Question 11

1) the CS and US occur together (are paired) only once; (2) the interval between the CS and US (the ISI) is much longer

Answer 11

Two important ways taste aversion differs from typical Pavlovian conditioning procedures

Question 12

After a period of repeated drug use, more of the drug is required to produce a high, or, the same amount of drug produces less of an effect

Answer 12

Tolerance

Question 13

the opposite of the main drug effect

Answer 13

Withdrawal