Chapter 39 - Endocrine and Reproductive Systems Flashcards
What are hormones?
chemicals released in one part of the body that travel through the bloodstream and affect the activities of cells in other parts of the body
What are target cells?
cells that have receptors for a particular hormone
The exocrine glands release their secretions through what?
tubelike structures called ducts
Examples of exocrine glands are
sweat, tears, and digestive juices
Endocrine glands release their secretions through what?
they release hormones directly into the bloodstream
What does the hypothalamus do in the endocrine system?
makes hormones that control the pituitary gland; makes hormones that are stored in the pituitary gland
What does the pituitary gland do?
sends hormones to other glands; “master gland”; growth hormones (GH)
What hormone does the thyroid gland release?
thyroxine- controls growth in fetus; metabolism
Where is the thyroid gland located?
the throat
What hormones does the pancreas release?
insulin and glucagon; controls blood sugar levels
What does insulin do?
instruct liver to store sugar
What does glucagon do?
instruct liver to release sugar
What are the hormones that the adrenal glands release?
adrenaline (epinephrine), cortisol, noradrenaline (norepinephrine)
What does adrenaline do?
burst of energy when you feel fear
What does noradrenaline do?
burst of energy when you feel anger
