Chapter 37 Endocrine System Flashcards
Tropic hormones control the activity of ____.
other endocrine glands
True or False: Hormones are chemical signals that help maintain homeostasis.
True
If all the blood flow in the portal blood vessels between the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland is blocked, one possible consequence could be ____.
a decrease in the release of hormones from the anterior pituitary gland
Which part of the pituitary gland is neural tissue that releases neurohormones?
posterior pituitary
Where is the receptor that steroid hormones bind to?
inside the cell
Where do hydrophilic hormones bind?
receptors that are planted on a plasma membrane
True or False: The hormone itself in a hydrophilic hormone stays outside the cell whilst the signal travels in through the receptor.
True
What is the function of the endocrine system?
controls body processes through the production, regulation, and secretion of hormones
Hormone
a chemical messenger that helps maintain homeostasis
3 Classes of Hormones
- amino acid-derived
- peptide/protein
- lipid-derived
Examples of Lipid-Derived Hormones
- estradiol
- progesterone
- aldosterone
Examples of Amino Acid-Derived Hormones
- epinephrine
- norepinephrine
- melatonin
Examples of Peptide Hormones
- insulin
- oxytocin
- glucagon
Hormone production and release is controlled by ___.
negative feedback
How does negative feedback control/regulate hormone release?
- a stimulus causes a release
- once the substance reaches a certain level, it sends a signal to back to stop further release
Negative feedback keep hormones ___.
within a narrow range
3 Types of Stimuli that Trigger Hormone Release
- humoral
- hormonal
- neural
Humoral Stimuli
changes in extracellular fluids
Example of Humoral Stimuli
blood sugar
Hormonal Stimuli
hormone triggers another hormone’s release
Example of Hormonal Stimuli
TSH causes T3/T4 release
Neural Stimuli
nervous system stimulates endocrine glands
Example of Neural Stimuli
norepinephrine and epinephrine release in response to stress
Where is the hypothalamus located?
in the brain
