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Principles of Biology II > Chapter 35 Nervous System > Flashcards

Chapter 35 Nervous System Flashcards

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1
Q

What does the CNS do?

A

creates signals that control the functions of the body

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2
Q

Autonomic Nervous System

A

controls body functions without conscious control

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3
Q

Somatic Nervous System

A

voluntary control of muscles

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4
Q

What are the four components of the somatic nervous system?

A
  • spinal cord
  • somatic motor neuron
  • skeletal muscle (effector)
  • acetylene
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5
Q

As you are driving home one night, you see a dark animal bound across the road. You quickly apply the brakes and swerve to avoid the animal. Which of the following best describes the flow of information that leads to your response.

A

afferent peripheral neurons -> central nervous system -> efferent peripheral neurons

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6
Q

You forget to study for an exam, so when you start to take the exam your mouth gets dry, your pulse increases, and you start to sweat. Which division of your nervous system is responsible for these reactions?

A

sympathetic nervous system

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7
Q

True or False: The autonomic nervous system controls both involuntary and voluntary functions.

A

False

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8
Q

____ is the division of the nervous system that is responsible for the rest and digest response.

A

parasympathetic nervous system

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9
Q

Characteristics of Interneurons

A
  • only found in the central nervous system
  • connect afferent and efferent neurons
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10
Q

A monosynaptic reflex pathway has how many synapses?

A

1

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11
Q

True or False: Reflex responses require input from the brain to initiate a response.

A

False

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12
Q

____ are cells of the nervous system that transduce physical or chemical stimuli into signals that lead to the production of action potentials for transmission to other parts of the nervous system for processing and interpretation

A

Sensory Receptor Cells

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13
Q

What is the Sensory-Somatic Nervous System responsible for?

A

transmits sensory information from skin/muscles/sensory organs to CNS and send motor commands to muscles

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14
Q

Function of the PNS

A

transports signals from the CNS to cells/tissues/organs

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15
Q

What are the two divisions of the peripheral nervous system?

A

sensory-somatic and autonomic

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16
Q

What does the PNS connect?

A

the CNS with the rest of the body

17
Q

What do sensory system pathways rely on?

A

afferent and efferent neurons

18
Q

Do all pathways involve afferent and efferent neurons?

A

YES

19
Q

Characteristics of Afferent Neurons

A
  • sensory neurons
  • pick up information from the outside
  • carry information to the CNS
20
Q

Characteristics of Efferent Neurons

A
  • carry commands (behavior and physiological) signals to muscles and glands
  • carry information away from the CNS
21
Q

Characteristics of Interneurons

A
  • connect afferent and efferent neurons
  • in CNS
22
Q

Are interneurons in all pathways?

A

NO

23
Q

What does the spinal cord do?

A

transmits and processes information

24
Q

Spinal Reflex

A

conversion of afferent and efferent information without the brain causing a response

25
Q

What are the two pathways in the spinal cord?

A

monosynaptic and polysynaptic

26
Q

Characteristics of Monosynaptic Pathway

A
  • simple
  • involves 2 neurons
27
Q

Characteristics of Polysynaptic Pathway

A
  • more complex
  • involves interneurons
28
Q

What does a knee-jerk reflex involve?

A

both monosynaptic and polysynaptic pathways

29
Q

What is the somatic nervous system part of?

A

peripheral nervous system

30
Q

What are the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system?

A

sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system

31
Q

Sympathetic Nervous System

A

fight or flight response

32
Q

Parasympathetic Nervous System

A

rest and digest

33
Q

Do the parasympathetic nervous system and sympathetic nervous system have opposite effects?

A

YES

34
Q

Why do the parasympathetic nervous system and sympathetic nervous system balance each other?

A

to maintain homeostasis

35
Q

If someone walks into the room with a lot of perfume, ____ neurons transmit that odorant information to your brain for you to perceive the smell.

A

afferent neurons

36
Q

Which part of the nervous system controls voluntary movement of muscles?

A

sensory-somatic nervous system

37
Q

A monosynaptic pathway involves how many neurons?

A

2

38
Q

The ____ nervous system is responsible for the fight or flight response.

A

sympathetic nervous system

Principles of Biology II (7 decks)

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