chapter 36 terms Flashcards
Taft-Hartley Act
1947- republican promoted, anti-union legislation passed over pres Trumans veto that weakened many of labor’s new deals gains by banning the closed shop and other strategies that helped unions organize.
Operation Dixie
1984, failed effort by the CIO after ww2 to unionize southern workers, especially in textile factories
Employment Act of 1946
declared the govs economic policy should aim to promote mx employment, production and purchasing power, and to keep inflation low.
GI Bill
19440 known as the servicemen’s readjustment act. This law helped return ww2 soldiers reintegrate into civilian life by securing loans to buy homes and farms and set up small business and by making tuition and stipends available for them to attend college and job training programs
Dr. Benjamin Spock
Sunbelt
fifteen state crescent through the American south and the southwest that experienced terrific population and productivity expansion during ww2 and particularly in the decades after the war, eclipsing the old industrial northeast
Levittown
suburban communities built in NY/Philadelphia Metroplitan areas in the 1950s by Wiliam Levitt and sons. Typically housed by middle class whites
baby boom
1946-1964, explosion of births because of returning soldiers. This generation of new Americans forced the expansion of many institutions like schools/universities
Yalta Conference
1945, meeting of franklin Roosevelt, Winston Churchill, and joseph Stalin in feb 1945 at an old tsarist resort on the back sea.
Nuremberg War Crimes Trial
1946, highly publicized proceedings against former Nazi leaders for war crimes and crimes against humanity as part of the allies denazification program in postwar Germany
Berlin Airlift
1948- year long mission of flying food and supplies to blockaded west Berliners who the Soviet Union cut off from access to the west in the first major crisis of the cold war
containment doctrine
Americas strategy against the soviet union based on the ideas of Geroge Kennan. Declared soviet union/communism were inherently expansion and had to be stopped from spreading through military and political pressure
Truman Doctrine
1947- president Trumans universal pledge of support for any people fighting any communist or communist inspired inspired threat. Truman presented the $400 million to defend Greece and Turkey against soviet backed insurgencies
Marshall Plan
1948- massive transfer of aid money to help rebuild postwar western Europe, intended to bolster capitalist and democratic governments and prevent domestic communist groups from riding poverty and misery to power. the plan was first announce by secretary of state Geroge Marshall at Harvads commencement in June 1947
NATO
North Atlantic Treaty Organization
loyalty program
During the early Cold War, President Truman established a “loyalty program” (Executive Order 9835) in 1947 to investigate and address concerns about communist infiltration within the U.S. government, leading to investigations of over 3 million federal employees.
HUAC
House un-American activities community (HUAC was created in 1938 to investigate alleged disloyalty and rebel activities on the part of private citizens, public employees and organizations suspected of having Communist ties.)
Julius and Ethel Rosenberg
Julius and Ethel Rosenberg were a couple convicted and executed for conspiracy to commit espionage, specifically for passing secrets about the American atomic bomb to the Soviet Union during the Cold War.
Point Four Program
The Point Four Program, introduced by President Harry S. Truman in 1949, was a US foreign aid initiative aimed at providing technical assistance and economic aid to underdeveloped countries, particularly in Africa, Asia, and Central and South America
Fair Deal
president Truman’s extensive social program introduced in his 1949 message to congress. Republicans and southern democrats kept much of his vision from being enacted, expect for raising the min wage, providing for more public housing, and extending old age insurance to many more beneficiaries under the social security act
NSC-68
NSC-68, a 1950 National Security Council report, outlined a US strategy to combat the Soviet Union’s perceived threat of communism, advocating a significant military buildup and a policy of “containment” to counter Soviet expansionism, which shaped American foreign policy for decades.
General MacArthur
MacArthur, one of the few individuals to achieve a five-star rank, notably served in World War I, World War II, and the Korean War. A recipient of the Medal of Honor and 17 other medals, he distinguished himself as a talented, brave, and able military commander.
