chapter 14 Flashcards
Ralph Waldo Emerson’s popular lecture-essay that emphasizes the idea of relying on intuition and beliefs. “Europe stretches to the Alleghenies. America lies beyond.”6 rugged individualism
self reliance
a system where each summer, traders ventured from St. Louis to a verdant Rocky Mountain valley, made camp, and waited for the trappers and Indians to arrive with beaver pelts to swap for manufactured goods from the East. 277.
Rendezvous
The aggressive and often heedless exploitation of the West’s natural bounty. 277.
ecological imperialism
As the age where the master and his apprentice could maintain an intimate and friendly relationship passed, the Industrial Revolution would lead to the working people wasting away at workbenches for long hours and low wages with poor working conditions. 290.
wage slaves
Elias would create the sewing machine in 1846, and it would be perfected by Isaac, gave another strong boost to northern industrialization and became the foundation of the ready-made clothing industry. 289.
Elias Howe and Issac singer
1860 – 1890, issued patents to investors and reviewed the application.
patent office
His telegraph tightened the sinews of an increasingly complex business world. In 1884, he strung a wire forty miles from Washington to Baltimore and tapped out the historic message, “What has God wrought?” 290.
Samuel F.B Morse
1842, Massachusetts ruled worker’s union’s legal.
Commonwealth v. Hunt
– Toiled six days a week, earning a pittance for dreary, limb-numbing, earsplitting stints of twelve or thirteen hours - “from dark to dark.” 293
factory girls
– A widespread cultural creed that glorified the customary functions of the homemaker. 294.
cult of domesticity
Samuel Slater - He would have a mill and in 1791, the first machine tenders were seven boys and two girls, all under twelve years of age. 290.
Samuel Slater
– Cotton Gin, more dependence
Eli Whitney
– Illinois 1837, he produced a steel plow that broke the stubborn soil of the West. It was sharp and effective and was also light enough to be pulled by horses, rather than oxen. 295.
John Deere
– Virginia born, 1830s would contribute the mechanical mower-reaper. The clattering cogs of McCormick’s horse-drawn machine were to the western farmers what the cotton gin was to the southern planters. Seated on his red-chariot reaper, a single husbandman could do the work of five men with sickles and scythes. 295.
Cyrus McCormick
– An ambitious painter-engineer who installed a powerful steam engine in a vessel that posterity came to know as the Clermont but that a dubious public dubbed “Fulton’s Folly.” On a historic day in 1807, the quaint little ship, belching sparks from its single smokestack, churned steadily from New York City up the Hudson River toward Albany. It made the run of 150 miles in 32 hours. 297.
Robert Fultonn
– Governor of New York, would be the leader of the Erie Canal project that would link the Great Lakes with the Hudson River although it would be scoffed at and called “Clinton’s Big Ditch” or “the Governor’s Gutter.” 297 – 298.
DeWitt Clinton
– These crafts were sleek, long, narrow, and majestic, and had towering masts that let them, in a fair breeze, outrun any steamer. They sacrificed cargo space for speed and their captains’ made killings by hauling high-value cargoes in record times. 301.
clipper ships
