Chapter 36 Breast Cancer PP

Question 1

breast cancer most commonly mets to

Answer 1

bone, lung, brain, liver

Question 2

Early stage, nonpalpable mass detected on mammogram or ______ palpable mass physically detected

Answer 2

nonpainful

Question 3

clinical presentations of breast cancer

Answer 3

• breast mass
• nipple discharge or retraction
• skin changes (skin gets orange like texture)
• alteration in breast contour
• lymphadenopthy (swollen lymph nodes)

Question 4

Originates in the ductal component of the breast

Answer 4

invasive ductal carcinoma

Question 5

Originates from the glands or lobules of the breast

Answer 5

invasive lobular carcinoma

Question 6

which pathology of breast cancer is most common

Answer 6

invasive ductal carcinoma

Question 7

what are the two staging systems for breast cancer

Answer 7

clical stage and pathologic stage (TNM)

Question 8

_____ age women have worse survival rate

Answer 8

younger

Question 9

which race of women have the worse prognosis

Answer 9

african american

Question 10

refers to the fact that the cancer cells don’t have estrogen or progesterone receptors and also don’t make too much of the protein called HER2.

Answer 10

triple negative breast cancer

Question 11

• Cancer cells have receptors (proteins) for estrogen

- better prognosis (can treat with hormonal therapy)

Answer 11

ER +

Question 12

• Cancer cells have receptors (proteins) for progesterone

- better prognosis (can treat with hormonal therapy)

Answer 12

PR +

Question 13

• overexpression poorer prognosis

- poorly differentiated

Answer 13

HER2

Question 14

removal of tumor with a margin of normal-appearing tissue

Answer 14

lumpectomy (excisional biopsy)

Question 15

removal of a sample of axillary nodes

Answer 15

axillary dissection

Question 16

type of surgery for those with early stage breast cancer, followed by adjuvant radiation therapy

Answer 16

breast conserving surgery

Question 17

type of surgery for patients who are not candidates for breast-conserving surgery

Answer 17

mastectomy

Question 18

breast cancer treatments

Answer 18

radiation therapy, chemo, surgery, hormonal therapies

Question 19

After chemotherapy take _____ for at least __ years for ER+ breast cancer

Answer 19

Tamoxifen

5

Question 20

Minimizes lung or heart tissue in the treatment fields as the breast falls away from the chest wall.

Answer 20

prone treatment

Question 21

whole breast irradiation is typically treated _______ cGy over ________ weeks

Answer 21

4500-5000

4.5-5

Question 22

(beam is parallel to the area being treated) (the beam and the area being treated are facing each other

Answer 22

en face