Ch. 38 Skin Cancer & Melanoma PP

Question 1

what is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy

Answer 1

skin cancer

Question 2

most common type of skin cancer

Answer 2

basal cell carcinoma

Question 3

2nd most common type of skin cancer

Answer 3

SCC

Question 4

what are considered nonmelanomas

Answer 4

BCC and SCC

Question 5

two most lethal skin cancers

Answer 5

melanoma and merkel cell

Question 6

signs to look for

Answer 6

sore that takes longer than 3 weeks to heal
recurrent red patch that is tender or itchy
wart that bleeds or scabs
new growth
change in existing nevus

Question 7

4 main risk factors

Answer 7

geographic location
skin type
multiplicity
gender

Question 8

individuals with _____ complexions are most likely to develop skin cancer

Answer 8

fair

Question 9

melanoma rate are slightly higher in which gender

Answer 9

men

Question 10

at what age does most skin cancer appear

Answer 10

after 50

Question 11

tanning bed produce which type of rays

Answer 11

UVA

Question 12

which rays damage DNA and its repair system

Answer 12

UVB

Question 13

functions of the skin

Answer 13

regulate body temp
acts as a barrier offering protection
production of vitamin D
provides recetors for external stimuli

Question 14

responsible for differences in skin color in individuals

Answer 14

melanin

Question 15

stimulating hormone is released by the pituitary

Answer 15

melanocytes

Question 16

basal cell carcinoma arises in what cells

Answer 16

stratum basale

Question 17

where does most basal cell carcinoma occur

Answer 17

head and neck

Question 18

basal cell carcinoma is fast or slow growing

Answer 18

slow

Question 19

squamous cell carcinoma arises from

Answer 19

upper layers of the epidermis

Question 20

Smooth, red, or milky lumps with a pearly border, multiple telangiectasia, shiny and pale`

Answer 20

basal cell carcinoma

Question 21

scaly, crusty, slightly elevated session that may have a cutaneous horn

Answer 21

squamous cell carcinoma

Question 22

merkel cell carcinoma arise in

Answer 22

merkel cells

Question 23

melanomas aris from

Answer 23

melanocytes located in the strtum basale layter

Question 24

most common site for melaomas from women

Answer 24

legs

Question 25

most common site for melanomas for men

Answer 25

trunk and face

Question 26

Approximately 70% occur as a result of a change in a preexisting nevus(mole)

Answer 26

menanomas

Question 27

ABCD's of melanoma

Answer 27

- Assymerty - Border - Color - Diameter - Change

Question 28

melanoma staging systems

Answer 28

clark breslow TNM modified

Question 29

clark staging system based on

Answer 29

level of invasion through the epidermis and layer of dermis

Question 30

breslow staging system based on

Answer 30

tumor thickness from the top of the granular layer of the epidermis

Question 31

(thick or thin) tumor have worse prognosis

Answer 31

thick

Question 32

what age group has worse prognosis

Answer 32

older

Question 33

tumors located on what area of the body have worse prognosis

Answer 33

trunk then head and neck

Question 34

melanomas pattern of spread

Answer 34

direct extension regional lymphatics distant skin and subcutaneous tissues

Question 35

common mets sites of melanomas

Answer 35

lung liver bone brain

Question 36

SCC common mets sites

Answer 36

lung | then liver, bone, brain

Question 37

A more precise type of surgery where tissue is removed one layer at a time and examined under a microscope. The microscopic examination of the tissue determines where to obtain the next sample. The process repeats until the tumor is excised completely

Answer 37

mohs surgery

Question 38

3 types of melanocytic nevi

Answer 38

junctional compound intradermal

Question 39

which type of melanocytic nevi is found above the basement membrane

Answer 39

junctional

Question 40

which type of melanocytic nevi is found in the dermis and epidermis

Answer 40

compound

Question 41

which type of melanocytic nevi is found in the dermal layer

Answer 41

intradermal

Question 42

which type of melanocytic nevi is least likely to develop into melanoma? why?

Answer 42

intradermal possibily due to the dermis not recieve as much UV exposure because it is deeper in skin

Question 43

layers of the epidermis: deepest to superficial

Answer 43

``` stratum basale (base layer) stratum spinosum (spiny layer) stratum granulosum (granular layer) stratum lucidum (clear layer) stratum corneum (horny layer) ```

Question 44

which layer of the skin contains blood and lymphatic vessels

Answer 44

dermis

Question 45

are basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas reportable diseases

Answer 45

no

Question 46

used to fill gaps on uneven surfaces or to bring dose closer to the surface of skin

Answer 46

bolus

Question 47

when treating what area may you need to do prophylactic neck irradiation

Answer 47

lip

Question 48

what is the mininum spf you should use

Answer 48

15

Question 49

when treating the lip you should used a shield to protect the what

Answer 49

teeth and gums

Question 50

when treating the nose you should use a wax coated lead strip to protect the

Answer 50

nasal septum