Chapter 3.4 (page 60) Flashcards
Identify 6 possible results from acute inflammation.
Resolution
Suppuration
Spread of the Infection
Chronic Inflammation
Fibrosis
Death
__________ of acute inflammatio implies the complete return of the injured tissue to normal. This is the most desirable result.
Resolution
________ occurs when the host is unable to adapt to the effects of the organism/situation.
Death
When tissue disruption has been too great for resolution to occur, scarring may be the end result.
Fibrosis
If the host is unable to eliminate the offending situation or organism and the presence of the organism does not result in the immediate death of the host, then the pattern of inflammation progresses from acute to _____________.
Chronic Inflammation
____________ means the formation of pus.
Suppuration
_______ is material consisting of dead phagocytes, bacteria, damaged tissue and fluid. If this accumulates within a tissue, an _________ forms.
Pus
Abcess
If the epithelial surface breaks down over the pus, an open sore called ________ forms: stasis or pressure varieties exist. Pus or other fluids can move along tissue tracts in the body and a tract that connects two epithelial surfaces is called ________.
Ulcer
Fistula
When pus forms in a body cavity, it is known as _________.
Empyema
The most common cause of suppuration is infection with __________ bacteria, such as staphylococcus and streptococcus .
Pyogenic
Instead of becoming localized, an infection may spread directly through the soft tissues under the skin in a condition called __________.
Cellulitis
Sometimes pus will drain along a narrow tissue plane, opening out onto a surface. This tissue tract is called a ______.
Sinus
Another membrane which may become involved in acute inflammation is the _________ of the meninges, in which case ____________ occurs.
Pia Arachnoid
Meningitis
Organisms may enter the lymphatics and spread along the lymphatic vessels giving rise to inflammation of the lymph, known as __________. Inflammation may then reach the draining lymph nodes, where the inflammation becomes known as _________.
Lymphangitis
Lymphadenitis
The presence of organisms in the blood is termed ________. If allowed to go unchecked, the organisms multiply out of control resulting in ___________ or even death from __________.
Bacteremia
Septicemia (Sepsis)
Septic Shock
When acute infection involves serous membranes, fluid exudate ________________ forms. The exudate may be [_____] but is more likely to be [________] if infected by staphylococcus bacteria, or consist mainly of fibrin [___________], or blood, in the case of a traumatic injury [__________].
**Ascites , pleural or pericardial effusions
Serous
Purulent
Fibrinous exudate Hemorrhagic
exudate **
The Cellular Phase of acute inflammation consists primarily of the movement of _________, which are named because of the appearance of _________ in the cytoplasm.
Granulocytes
Granules
Neutrophils
Neutrophils arrive within ___ minutes of an injury
They have large nuclei so they are often called _____________
________ of total blood leukocytes.
90
Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils
60-70%
What is the largest WBC?
Monocytes
Monocytes
Change into Macrophages for ___________ function
______ of total blood leukocytes
Predominate in inflammation after ___ hours
Phagocytosis
3-8%
48
____________ play an important role in Acute Inflammation, and ____________ in Chronic Inflammation.
Neutrophils
Monocytes
__________ form clots in the nearby capillaries. The clots close off any broken blood vessels. These also help to ______________________.
Plasma Proteins
Isolate the infection from the rest of the body
