Chapter 2.1 (page 28)

Question 1

Any of various compounds composed of fatty acids and
phosphoric acid and a nitrogenous base; An important constituent of membranes

Answer 1

Phospholipid

Question 2

The container or outer layer of the cell is a semi-permeable phospholipid bilayer called:

Answer 2

Plasma Membrane

Question 3

The different parts inside the cell consist of __________ and ___________.

Answer 3

Inclusions

Organelles

Question 4

___________ are chemical substances such as glycogen, lipid droplets and pigments inside the cell.

Answer 4

Inclusions

Question 5

___________ are likened to be the metabolic machinery of the cell.

Answer 5

Organelles

(Most organelles have a membrane similar to that of the plasma membrane of the cell.)

Question 6

This organelle is termed as “Powerhouse of a cell” as this is the site for ATP synthesis.

Answer 6

Mitochondria

Question 7

Mitochondria generate most of the ATP through the process called ___________.

Answer 7

Aerobic Respiration

Question 8

This organelle’s main role is protein synthesis.

Answer 8

Ribosome

Question 9

The ribosome functions in the expression of the genetic code from nucleic acid into protein in this process.

Answer 9

Translation

Question 10

TRUE OR FALSE:

Ribosome sub-units are created in the nucleus.

Answer 10

FALSE

(They are created in the Nucleolus)

Question 11

A system of membranes forming a network of connecting sacs and canals from the nucleus to the plasma membrane. This organelle is where synthesis of phospholipids occur, and it is studded with ribosomes.

Answer 11

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

Question 12

This organelle’s functions include:

• Store and release calcium ions for muscle contraction
• Create perioxsomes
• Site of lipid and steroid synthesis

Answer 12

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Question 13

This organelle creates Lysosomes. It packages, modifies and segregates proteins for secretion.

Answer 13

Golgi Apparatus

Question 14

A malfunction in this organelle may cause problems in secretion of protein hormones.

Answer 14

Golgi Apparatus

Question 15

This organelle is a whip-like structure made up of microfilaments, intermediate filaments and microtubule; Utilized for movement

Answer 15

Flagella

Question 16

These are short cell surface projections that move in unison creating unidirectional current. These are used for used for movement of fluids.

Answer 16

Cilia

(These can be found in the respiratory tract)

Question 17

These are paired rod-shaped organelles composed of fine tubules that play an important role during cell division.

Answer 17

Centrioles

Question 18

These contain oxidative enzymes, and are made in the Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum.

Answer 18

Peroxisomes

Question 19

This is the site for intracellular digestion and contains hydrolytic compounds.

Answer 19

Lysosomes

Question 20

This is the largest organelle in the cell, and it controls every organelle and controls cell reproduction. This also contains genes –chromosomes/units of heredity.

Answer 20

Nucleus