Chapter 30 Flashcards
Was started after ww2 would last more than 40 years between these two powers
The Cold War
The U.S. Had ___________ to protect themselves after ww2
NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization)-Western Europe
The Soviet Union had _______ to protect themselves after ww2
Warsaw Pact-eastern europe
The tensions between the United States and Soviet Union was called
Iron curtain
_____ Berlin was democratic U.S.A
West
______ Berlin was communist Soviet Union
East
to stop the exodus east Germany built a wall in 1961 that cut off west Germany (the wall cut through Berlin and this was called. It became a key symbol of the cold air because it physically split a city in half (half being democratic and half being communist)
Berlin Wall
By 1953 the United States and Russia had developed _______ bombs (were more destructive than atomic bombs)
Hydrogen
Limited the number of nuclear weapons on each side
Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT)
Were missiles that could shoot down other missiles from hostile areas
Anti-Ballistic Missiles (AMBs)
U.S. President Ronald Reagan launched a program called _______ missiles defense against nuclear attacks
Star Wars
After ww2 communist forces were assisting
China and Korea
The United States and its allies from another alliance. This alliances contained U.S., Britain, France, Australia, Pakistan, Thailand, New Zealand and the Philippines
Southeast-asia treaty organization (SEATO)
Central treaty organization which comprised of Britain, turkey, Iran, and Pakistan
CENTO
Russia created an alliance with
Africa and Asia
By 1959 led his guerrilla army to victory and set about transforming the country. This is known as Cuban Revolution
Fidel Castro
The attempt to overthrow Castro was known as
Bay of Pigs
Khruschev removed the nuclear weapons from ________ and the U.S. removed nuclear missiles from _______turkey
Cuba and Turkey
In 1956 he shocked the top of communist party members when he publicly denounced Stalin’s abuse of power. He kept Stalin’s communist control. It closed down prison camps and eased censorships
Nikita Khruschev
In these markets economies producers and consumers make economic decisions
Free market
The economy and market are controlled by
Supply and demand
The idea is to keep communism in its existing boundaries and prevent communism from expanding
Containment
Were designed to protect from radioactive particles that would come after a nuclear explosion
Shelters
This fear went so far that a United States sensation in 1950 joseph McCarthy led a hunt for suspected American communism
Red Scare
He became famous for charging people to be communist without any proof these types of charges and ideology became known as McCarthyism
Joseph McCarthy
Americans grew more affluent and many moved from life in city to suburbs
Suburbanization
Usually consisted of single family houses that had lawns and access to good schools
Suburbs
President Dwight Eisenhower Approved government funding to build vast interstate. This allowed for further suburbanization because Americans now could work in the city and drive home to the suburbs
Highway System
Forced separation (in schools and homes)
Segregation
Which is unequal treatment in jobs, voting and social life
Discrimination
This ruling declared that segregating schools were unconstitutional
Brown vs. board of education Topeka
Emerged as a leader of the civil rights movements for African Americans. He was leading a movement which fought for equal rights. Rights to vote, right to free speech, equal job opportunities
Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.
The civil rights movement laid way for all races in America to fight for their rights
Asians, Latinos, Native Americans, Women
During the 1960-1970 women had the right to vote but they were still facing discrimination creating this movement which fought for equality in all areas of life (something that continues today)
Women’s Rights
After the devastation of ww2 there were only two great powers left
United States and Soviet Union (Russia)
Chinese Communist had control of much of
Northern China
Communist regime led by _________-fought a civil war against nationalist
Mao Zedong
Held cities and soon each city in China fell to communism
Nationalist
Reshaped the economy and society of China. They did things like discourage Buddhism, Confucianism, and other traditional beliefs. They seized property and anyone who opposed them were put down
People’s Republic of China
Which forced those peasants to pool together their land and labor
Collectivization
Mao’s plan to create things on a superhuman level. It ended up failing because of what they ended up producing was low quality useless goods
Great Leap Forward
Purged China of its bourgeois tendencies and urged young chinese to experience revolutions first hand (just like his generation)
Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution
Capital/South Korea helped from nations like
America
North Korea/Communiship/ help from nations like
China and Russia
Is the latitude of the world map
38th parallel
North Korea was communist and was controlled by a dictator
Kim II Sung
In South Korea the Americans backed a dictator named
Syngman Rhee
End of the war
Armistice
Before ww2 the Cold War mainland Southeast Asia was conquered by
French during the 1800s
Which are small groups of loosely organized soldiers who made sunrise raids
Guerrillas
The French set out to take retake Indochina in 1946 but they faced guerrilla forces led by _____. Was communist and fought the Japanese, after which he fought the French in what is now known as the First Indochina war
Ho Chi Minh
The bloodiest battles in the 1954 and convinced the French to leave Vietnam
First Indochina War was in Dien Phu
Became divided and was also split during the Cold War
Vietnam
Was controlled by Ho Chi Minh and his Communist forces (help from the China, Russia, North Korea)
North Vietnam
Was controlled by Ngo Dinh Diem and supported by the United States
South Vietnam
Is the view that a community victory in south Vietnam could cause non communist governments to grow across Southeast Asia
Domino Theory
Which are communist rebels trying to overthrow south Vietnam’s government
National Liberation Front-the Viet Cong
On August 1, 1964 South Vietnamese commandos conduced raids on north Vietnamese islands in the
Gulf of Tonkin
Thus resolution allowed for the United States to take all necessary measure to prevent further aggression on south Vietnam. After this resolution the United States started to bomb parts of north Vietnam and sent over 500,000 American troops to fighting against the north Vietnamese
Gulf of Tonkin Resolution on August 7, 1964
Was a random lottery of your name from a list to be picked
Draft
Was a turning point in American society about involvement in Vietnam
Tet Offensive
The odor of American troops increased anti war sentiment in America. American troops during this time were either killed,
Prisoners of wars or missing in action
Did not run for a second term and started to open talks with the north Vietnam
President Lyndon Johnson
Decided to fully terminate america’s involvement in Vietnam I. 1973 I’m the Paris a peace accord. Two years after this north Vietnam conquered south Vietnam
President Richard Nixon
The global conflict between the two armed nations lasted for ________. But the year 1990 the struggle had finally ended, eight having any nuclear war
Half a century
Changed the economy in Russia to focus on consumer good rather than heavy industry, while still keeping the command economy
Nikita Khrushchev
The soviets were the first to launch a person into space and have the first satellite on earth (_______) they still faded sever economic problems at home
Sputnik I
Supported the afghan government that was trying to modernize the nation of Afghanistan
Soviet Union
Came to power when the Soviet Union was suffering from a bad economy and was in a prolonged war in Afghanistan. Wanted to create new reforms and avoid Cold War confrontations. He did this by signing arms control treaties with the United States and pulled out troops of from Afghanistan
Mikhail Gorbachev
Openness
Glasnost
Reform of government and economy
Perestroika
Gained their independence in 1990 they were being controlled by Russia since 1940 during ww2
Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania
Organized an independent labor union called
Solidarity
Led Soviet Union in 1980
Lech Walesa
Writer and human rights activist was elected president
Vaclav Havel
Were opened and the country started down a road of reunification
Berlin Wall
Romania’s longtime leader refused to step down and was overthrown and executed
Nicolae Ceausescu
Battles had rated until his forces swept through China gaining complete control of the country
Mao’s
How did Mao control China?
By winning support of the huge chinese peasant class. Communists redistributed land to the poor peasant while ending oppression by landlords. Widespread support for communists soon ensured with the hope that a new China would be built and there would be an end to foreign domination
Through tough fighting the Chinese helped pushed the _________ back (Down south) to the 38th parallel
United Nations
Ho Chi Minh during this time was pushing to unify ______ under his power and communist control
Vietnam
At first America only sent supplies to aid ________ but after a while we started to send in thousands of troops (crating major Cold War conflict)
South Vietnam
Tended to be local peasants so they knew the area better than the Americans and knew the local people better than Americans
Guerrillas
In 1968 guerrilla forces came out of the jungle and attacked ______ and _____ forces in cities all across the south
America and South Vietnamese
Are muslims religious warriors that used mountains of Afghanistan for protection
Mujaheddin
Led the way in the new surge of resistance that shattered the soviet satellite empire
Poland
In 1950s one of the focal points of the Cold War tensions was in
Berlin, Germany
Why did they build the Berlin Wall?
There was massive exodus (people leaving) because low-paid eastern Germans who were unhappy who were fleeing into West Berlin
By 1949 the Soviet Union (Russia) developed what
Nuclear Weapons
Supported an attempt by U.S. Trained Cuban exile to invade Cuba and overthrow Castro
John F. Kennedy
Their main aim was to spread it communist command economy to other countries and to be able to control other countries economies but also their political power
Soviet Union
