Chapter 16 Flashcards
he became heir to the sprawling Hapsburg empire, which included the Holy Roman Empire and the Netherlands
Charles V
became king of Spain,and thereby ruler of the Spanish colonies in the Americas
Charles I
Under the _____, ottoman forces advanced across Central Europe to the walls surrounding Vienna, Australia
Sullivan
He divided his empire, leaving the Hapsburg Lands in Central Europe to his brother Ferdinand (who became the Holy Roman Emperor)
Charles V
Charles V gave Spain , the Netherlands, and some southern Italian states and Spain overseas empire to his 29 year old son named
Philip
ruled for 42 years and expanded Spanish Influence strengthened the Catholic Church, and made his own power absolute (in part to silver from the Spanish colonies). also centralized power, he was devout and ambitious he devoted most of his time to government work
Philip II
a ruler with complete authority over the government and the lives of the people
Absolute Monarch
Philip fought many wars as he attempted to advance Spanish Catholic power
Battles in the Mediterranean and Netherlands
Spain and its Italian allies soundly defeated an Ottoman fleet off the coast of Greece
Battle of Lepanto
She secretly supported the Dutch against against Spain. She encouraged English Captains such as Francis Drake (known as sea dogs) to
plunder Spanish Treasure ships and loot Spanish cities in the Americas
Queen Elizabethb
sailed with more than 130 ships, 20,000 men, and 2,400 pieces of artillery they were confident with victory this did not pass the English Channel, lumbering Spanish ships were outmaneuvered by the lighter faster English ships, the armada scattered and limped home in defeat
Spanish Armada
was an enthusiastic patron of the arts and also founded academies of science and mathematics
Philip
was born a peasant as birthwrote more than 1,500 plays including witty comedies and actionpacked romances
Lope de Vega
was the most important writer of Spain’s golden age he wrote Don Quixote
Miguel de Cervantes
which pokes fun at medieval tales of chivalry and is considered to be Europe’s first modern novel
Don Quixote
when henry IV was killed by an assassin in 1610 his ninger year son Louis XIII inherited the throne (for a time nobles asserted their power) than in 1624 Louis appointed Cardinal Richelieu as chief minister for the next 18 years he devoted to strengthening the central government
Cardinal Richelieu
spend many hours each day attending the government affairs to strengthen the state he followed the policies of Richelieu
He appointed Intendants which are royal officials who collected taxes , recruited soldiers and carried out his politics in the provinces these and often other jobs went to wealthy middle class men
Louis XIV
imposed mercantilist policies to bolster the economy he had new lands cleared for farming encouraged mining and other basic industries and built up luxury trades such as lace making, he also fostered overseas colonies such as New France in North America and several colonies in India and regulated trade with the colonies to enrich the royal treasury his policies helped making Grant the wealthiest state in Europe
Jean-Baptiste Colbert
turned a royal hunting lodge into the immense palace of Versailles (ver SY). ruled France for 72 years far longer than any other monarch at the end of Louis’s reign France was the strongest state in Europe. poured vast resources into wars meant to expand French Borders
Louis XIV
the goals was to maintain a distribution of military and economic power among European nations to prevent any one country from dominating the region
Balance of Power
