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BIO 2130 > Chapter 30 > Flashcards

Chapter 30 Flashcards

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1
Q

Shoots

A

Anything above ground

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2
Q

Roots

A

Roots

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3
Q

Indeterminant growth

A

grow throughout life

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4
Q

What are important ions for plant growth?

A

N.P.K.Mg

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5
Q

Why is SA/V important in plants

A

Large Sa/V to catch light in shoots, bringing up water in xylem, and bringing in water for Roots

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6
Q

diversity of roots and shoots (3 things)

A

morphological diversity, phentypic plasticity, specilization

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7
Q

Different types of root morphologies

A

taproots, lateral roots, perennial

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8
Q

taproots

A

roots that grown down

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9
Q

Lateral roots

A

roots that grow side to side

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10
Q

adventitious roots

A

roots that form differnet special tissues (anchor, pneumatophores, prop, and storage)

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11
Q

anchor roots

A

roots that have long hair to attach to walls (veritcal) ex. ivy

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12
Q

Pneumatophores

A

roots that grow up that allow gas exchange

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13
Q

Prop roots

A

roots that grow a bit up out of the ground to stabilize plants such as corn

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14
Q

sotrage roots

A

roots that store strach such as beets

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15
Q

Shoot system important term list

A

Apical bud, Axillary bus, Node, Internode, Branch, stem

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16
Q

Apical bud

A

Highest most bud

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17
Q

Axillary bud

A

Any other bud that is not apical

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18
Q

Bud

A

tip of each steam/branch

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19
Q

Node

A

A place where a branch can form

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20
Q

Internode

A

the space inbetween nodes

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21
Q

Modified stems list

A

Water sotrage, Tubers, Stolons, Thorns, Rhizomes

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22
Q

Water-storage stems

A

Its in the name dude

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23
Q

Tubers

A

Starch storing stems (Potatos)

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24
Q

Stolons

A

Lateral nodes that are on the ground that can produce new nodes

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25
Q

Thorns

A

Its a fucking thorn

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26
Q

Rhizomes

A

Similar to stolons, but they are underground and store some carbohydrates

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27
Q

Simple leaf

A

A singular leaf that doesnt split

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28
Q

Compound leaf

A

a leaf blade that divides into leaflets

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29
Q

Modified leafs list

A

Bulbs, Floral mimics, Succulent, Traps, Tendrils

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30
Q

Bulbs

A

Leafs that store starch inbetween leafs (Onions)

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31
Q

Floral mimics

A

Leafs that looks like flowers to attract pollinators (poinsettia)

32
Q

Succulent leaves

A

Leaves that store water (aloe vera)

33
Q

Traps

A

Leafs that are traps to insects (pitcher plant)

34
Q

Tendrils

A

Leafs that erap around something to hold structure (phentypicplastidy)

35
Q

Simple tissues vs. Complex

A

Simple tissues are single types of cells, and complex tissues are made out of many cells

36
Q

Dermal tissue

A

Outermost layer of

37
Q

Ground Tissue

A

Tissues that makes up most of the system

38
Q

Vascular Tissue

A

tissues that move solutes and water``

39
Q

Types of dermal tissue cells

A

Epidermal cells, Stomata, Trichomes

40
Q

Epidermal cells

A

makes majority of the dermal layer and is used for protection

41
Q

Stomata

A

Regulate gas exchange via the opening of guard cells

42
Q

Trichomes

A

Hair like appendages that reflect sunlgiht, keep h2o in, also is used for sensory system(venus fly trap)

43
Q

Types of ground tissues

A

Parenchyma, Collenchyma, Sclerenchyma

44
Q

Parenchyma

A

most abudant of ground tissue cells

45
Q

Collenchyma

A

Simple flexible structure for growing plants

46
Q

Sclerenchyma

A

complex dead at maturity cells that are composed of lignin and cellulose (secondary walls)

47
Q

Orginization of root systems

A

Cellular division, elongation, and maturation

48
Q

Maturation

A

Oldest part of the plant that grows root hairs

49
Q

elongation

A

Cells of this part of the root elongate so it can access water

50
Q

Area of cell divison

A

New cells are made by apical meristem and is protected by a rootcap

51
Q

Primary growth

A

Elongation and height

52
Q

Secondary growth

A

widening and increases conducting tissue (bark)

53
Q

Cambium

A

(vascular and cork) a cylinder of running length caused by secondary growth

54
Q

Vascular cambium

A

cabium between xylem and pholem

55
Q

Cork cambium

A

located near the outer perimeter (deals with water collection)

56
Q

2 Important vascular ttissues

A

Xylem and Phloem

57
Q

Xylem

A

Moves H2o from roots to shoots

58
Q

Parts of Xylem

A

Trachieds and Vessel Elements (only angiosperms)

59
Q

Trachieds

A

like holes in vascular tissue that helps water move via adhesion

60
Q

vessel elements

A

seperate layers of the vascular layer

61
Q

Parts of Phloem

A

Sieve tub elements, companion cells

62
Q

sieve tub elements

A

similar to vessel elements where vascualrur is joined by a plate with holes on it

63
Q

companion cells

A

cells attached to the phloem that control the solute concetration to induce movement of solutues and water

64
Q

water potential

A

the PE of water

65
Q

solute potential

A

the ammount that solutes influences osmosis

66
Q

Pressure potential

A

water moving in response to pressure change

67
Q

How does water move into vascular tissue?

A

symplastic, transmembrane and apoplastic

68
Q

Symplastic

A

uses plasmodesmata to move water through

69
Q

transmembrane

A

uses aquaporins to move h2o

70
Q

apoplastics

A

water moves through the spaces inbetween the cell (cannot pass the casparian strip)

71
Q

casparian strip

A

cell wall that protects xylem from losing water

72
Q

Guttation

A

secretion of water droplets from the pores of plants

73
Q

Bulk flow

A

mass movement of h2o along a pressure gradient

74
Q

Sugar sinks and sources

A

Sinks: areas that need sugar/cannot pruce it
sources: areas that do not need sugar/produce it

75
Q

how does pholem work with companion cells to move sugars?

A

comapnion cells hold solutes and when water is introduced from the xylem, it moves down to a sink cell

76
Q

Tonoplasts

A

large vacuole that stores sucrose and soultes are introduced by secondary transport

BIO 2130 (14 decks)

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