Chapter 23

Question 1

Where in the food chain are protista?

Answer 1

They are primary producers and account for 50% of total carbon fixation

Question 2

What a re plankton?

Answer 2

Diatoms or any other tiny organism that drift in the water

Question 3

How have protista impacted human health?

Answer 3

Irish potato famine
Malaria
Sleeping sickness

Question 4

The first animal on earth

Answer 4

Sponge/ Choanoflagellates

Question 5

Choanocytes

Answer 5

The inner lining of sponge

Question 6

Primary vs Secondary endosymbiosis theory

Answer 6

Primary absorbs a prokaryote while secondary absorbs another eukaryote

Question 7

Primary endosymbiosis example

Answer 7

Mitochondria

Question 8

Secondary endosymbiosis example

Answer 8

Red and green aglae

Question 9

How do amoeboids move?

Answer 9

They use pseudopods and move their cell contents through them

Question 10

How do flageolets move

Answer 10

They use flagella as a motor

Question 11

How do collates move?

Answer 11

They uses cilia and crawl

Question 12

How do heteroknots move?

Answer 12

They use a flagella (feather like) and point in the way they wanted to go

Question 13

V

Question 14

Alternate generations

Answer 14

Life cycle is based on polidy of the cell

Question 15

gametophyte

Answer 15

Haploid —> sexual reproduction

Question 16

Sprorphyte

Answer 16

Diploid —>asexual reproduction

Question 17

Diatom reproduction

Answer 17

(Ask prof. Goff or read in text book)

Question 18

Organisms that cause HAB

Answer 18

Cyanobacteria, Diatoms, Dinoflagellates

Question 19

Causes of HABs

Answer 19

1. P and N chemical waste
2. Thermal pollution
3. Low water levels

Question 20

What is CFP

Answer 20

Ciguatera Shellfish poisoning caused by ciguatoxin causes cold to feel hot and hot to feel cold

Question 21

What is ASP

Answer 21

Amnesiac Shellfish poisoning caused by Domoic acid causes life threatening brain shit

Question 22

Carbon sinking

Answer 22

Organisms that consume more carbon from the atmosphere than it releases

Question 23

Organic sediment vs Calcareous sediment

Answer 23

Organic sediment is caused by primary producers and carbon sinking while calcareous sediment is caused by the weathering of calcite rocks

Question 24

Upwellings

Answer 24

Deeper water and carbon is brought up due to the thermal line being broken (hot water rises and cold water descends)

Question 25

Major lineages

Answer 25

Ask Prof. Goff

Question 26

Characteristics of eukaryotes

Answer 26

1. Nuclei
2. Mitochondria
3. Cytoskeleton
4. Motility
5. Chromosomes
6. Mitosis
7. Sex
8. Cell walls

Question 27

What causes dead zones

Answer 27

Fertilizer —> algae bloom —> nutrient depletion —> Death —> decompose (from bacteria) —> tons of bacteria causes O2 depletion (cellular respiration)