Chapter 24

Question 1

def of Fungi

Answer 1

eukaryotic singles cells or vast networks of filaments that are important decompsers

Question 2

Importance of fungi

Answer 2

Release nutrients from dead plants and animals
Trnasfer nutrients to live organisms
Great influence on biodiversity
critical to carbon cycle

Question 3

Saprophytic fungi

Answer 3

Causes spoiling of fruits and vegetables
Decompose plant matter

Question 4

How do fungi influence BIodiversity and productivity

Answer 4

Because they are very key to carbon cycle and nutrient cycling

Question 5

Why does recycling matter?

Answer 5

Because if we don’t recycle, nutrients can be locked away forever without being re-introduced

Question 6

Saprobes/saprophytes

Answer 6

Fungi that digest dead plants

Question 7

Carbon cycle in the land

Answer 7

1. Fixation by plants
2. Release of CO2 by respiration
3. Dead plants that have Carbon locked are used by fungi and they release CO2 by respiration

Question 8

Good and bAd fungi

Answer 8

Good: Carbon cycle, recycling nutrients, antibiotics, and food products
Bad: Plant and animal diseases

Question 9

Single called vs multicellular

Answer 9

Single called is called yeast
But they act the same as decomposers

Question 10

Mycellium

Answer 10

Multicellular, grows towards food and leaves a filament skeleton

Question 11

Hyphae

Answer 11

Long narrow branches of filament

Question 12

Septa

Answer 12

Cross-walls espérate filaments into cells

Question 13

Coenocytic

Answer 13

cell with multiple nuclei

Question 14

Mycelia likes

Answer 14

1. High SA/V
2. Moisture
3. Prone to desiccation (spores are resitant)

Question 15

Mycorrhizal

Answer 15

SYmbiotic relationship between fungi and plant roots

Question 16

EMF

Answer 16

-Ecomycorrhizal fungi
* they are in between cells
-Found on many tree species
-Dense network of hyphae
-Provide phosphate ions

Question 17

AMF

Answer 17

-Arbscular mycorrhizal fungi
* they are found inside of cells
-Veyr common
-Droguht resistance
- Deters herbivory

Question 18

Cordyceps Fungi

Answer 18

Cordyceps fungi is the fungi that “zombifies” ants

Question 19

Extra cellular digestion

Answer 19

Lingin and cellulose are consumed by fungi

Question 20

What’s a spore

Answer 20

A fundamental reproductive cell in fungi

Question 21

MAting types in fungi

Answer 21

There are no sexes in fungi but mating types (Around 10k)

Question 22

Sexual reproduction

Answer 22

1. Fusion of hyphae
2. Fusion of nuclei from fusion of hyphae

Question 23

PLasmogamy

Answer 23

Fusing of cytoplasm of two different mating types

Question 24

Heterokaryotic

Answer 24

Multiple nuclei in one cell

Question 25

Karyogamy

Answer 25

Fusing of nuclei to form a zygote

Question 26

Mycosis

Answer 26

Another word for a fungal disease

Question 27

Athlete’s foot

Answer 27

Fungal infection that is caused by an asomycete

Question 28

Ringworm

Answer 28

A fungal infection that is caused an asomycete

Question 29

Lichens

Answer 29

mutualistic relationship between fungi and algae

Help algae survive so they can contribute to the carbon cycle

Question 30

4 life cycle types

Answer 30

1. Chytrids
2. Zygomycete
3. Basidiomycete
4. Ascomycete

Question 31

Chytrids

Answer 31

Aquatic fungi that has been destroying amphibians.
Alternate generations, no dikaryotic stage

Question 32

Zygomycetes

Answer 32

Decays plant and animal material

Question 33

Ascomycete

Answer 33

Cup shaped fungi and their reproductive structure is called asci

Question 34

Basidiomycete

Answer 34

Club like spore producing cells that are called basidia

Question 35

Haustoria

Answer 35

Mycorrhizae and plant root connection