Chapter 3 Vocab Flashcards
Hündür/uca/
ucaboy
tall
qısa/ gödəkboy
short
arıq/nazik
thin
kök/qalın
fat/thick
geniş
broad/wide
dar
narrow
gözəl
beautiful
çirkin
ugly
keçəl
bald
güclü
strong
zəif
weak
asta
slow
sürətli
fast
sakit
quiet
ucadan
loud
yaşlı
elderly
cavan
young
mavi
blue
yaşıl
green
qəhvəyi
brown
qara
black
ala
hazel
sarışın
blonde
qaraşın
burnette
qırmızı
red
boz
gray
tüklü
hairy
ən
most. O, ailədə ən böyük bacıdır.
She is the oldest sibling in the family.
lap
very. Qardaşım ailəmdə ən ucaboy adamdlr.
My brother is the tallest man in my family
hamısı
All. Used to express the superlative degree, the ablative suffix -dan/-dən must be added to the qualifiers. Məsələn:
Yaşca, o hamısından böyük bacıdır.
She is the oldest sibling.
Lit: She is the oldest sibling of all by age.
Ailəmizdə qardaşım hamımızdan ucadır.
My brother is the tallest in our family.
Lit: My brother is the tallest of all in our family.
Locative Case
The locative ending -da/-də provides information about the location of objects or people.
Dəftər haradadır? Where is the notebook?
Dəftər stolun üstündədir. The notebook is on the table.
Evdə - at home Kinoda - at the cinema
Şəhərdə - in the city Çantamda - in my bag
Universitetdə - at the university Maşında - in the car
Expressing Existence with Var
The location comes first, the thing introduced comes before var. The location is in the locative case, while the object is in the nominative case
Bu dərsdə təzə qrammatika var. - There is a new grammar in this lesson.
Televizorda yaxşı film var. - There is a good movie on TV.
Evdə tort yoxdur. - There is no cake at home.
Məndə bir-iki qələm var. İ have a pen or two.
Sinifdə nə var? What is not in the classroom?
Genitive Case Suffix (n)-ın
Genitive case demonstrates a possessor and possessed item. The genitive case is formed by adding the suffix (n)-ın to the word denoting the possessor, and adding the possessive suffix -ı to the object possessed.
Sonanın Sona’s Sonanın atası Sona’s father
Bibinin Aunt’s Dostun kitabı friend’s book
Ulduzun Ulduz’s binin adı aunt’s name
Gülün Flower’s gülün rəngi flower’s color
Use the letter n as a buffer for the genitive case and s as a buffer for the object possessed.
Bu, Lamiyənin anasıdır. This is Lamiya’s mother
Onlar qızın nənəsi və babasıdır. They are the girl’s grandparents.
Postposition haqqında/regarding
Postposition haqqında is used in a genitive case structure.
Bu kitab universitet haqqındadır. This book is about a university.
Kitab onun atası haqqındadır. The book is about his dad.
When haqqında is used with a personal pronoun, the latter will be used in a genitive case.
Bu kitab onun haqqındadır. The book is about him.
Expressing Age
Express age (yaş) by using the verb var along with the possessive structures from chapter 2.
Sənin neçə yasın var? How old are you?
Onların 15 yaşı var? Are they 15?
Mənim 30 yaşım var. I am 30 years old.
Onların 15 yaşı yoxdur. 16 yaşı var. They are not 15. They are 16.
Expressing Birthyear
To ask what year someone is born, use the question word neçənci (in order which) is used along with the ablative case (-dan/-dən).
Sən neçənci ildənsən? What year were you born in?
Mən 1990-cı ildənəm. I was born in 1990.
Expressing similarities with the postposition kimi
To say that two things or people share a common feature, use the postposition kimi while making the noun or pronoun in the genitive.
Mənim gözlərim mavidir. My eyes are blue.
Mənim gözlərim atamın gözləri kimi mavidir. I have blue eyes like my dad.
Onon qısa buruq saçları var. He has short curly hair.
O, qardaşı kimi qısa buruq saçlıdır. He has short curly hair like his brother.
When the person or thing being compared is a pronoun, the conjunction da (too) should be used.
Onun da mənim kimi mavi gözləri var. He has blue eyes like me.
Onun da bizim kimi qısa buruq saçları var. He has short curly hair like us.
O da sənin kimi ucaboydur. He is also tall like you.
O da sizin kimi sarışındır. She is also blonde like you.
Mənim də onun kimi qara saçlarım var. İ also have black hair like him.
Criterion for comparison
-Ca/-cə can be used to indicate the criterion for comparison.
Yaşca, Minayə cavandır. İn terms of age, Minaya is young.
Təbiət - nature
Çəki - weight
Görünüş - appearance
Səliqə - tidiness
Boy - height
Comparatives
When comparing one thing to another, the latter will take the ablative case suffix (-dan|-dən).
Boyca, Leyla Rüstəmdən gödəkdir. Leyla is shorter than Rustam.
Atam anamdan böyükdür. My father is older than my mother.
“Daha” (more) with adjectives can be used for comparing items as well.
O, bacısından daha gözəldir. She is more beautiful than her sister.
Oğlan qardaşından daha sakitdir. The boy is quieter than his brother.
