Chapter 3 - The Cardiorespiratory System

Question 1

a system of the body composed of the cardiovascular and respiratory system

Answer 1

cardiorespiratory system

Question 2

a system of the body composed of the heart, blood, and blood vessels

Answer 2

cardiovascular system

Question 3

a hollow muscular organ that pumps a circulation of blood through the body by means of rhythmic contraction

Answer 3

heart

Question 4

the space in the chest between the lungs that contains all the internal organs of the chest except the lungs

Answer 4

mediastinum

Question 5

a specialized area of cardiac tissue, located in the right atrium of the heart, which initiates the electrical impulses that determine the heart rate; often termed the pacemaker of the heart

Answer 5

sinoatrial (SA) node

Question 6

a small mass of specialized cardiac muscle fibers, located in the wall of the right atrium of the heart, that receives heartbeat impulses from the sinoatrial node and directs them tot he walls of the ventricles

Answer 6

atrioventricular (AV) node

Question 7

the superior chambers of the heart that receive blood from the veins and force it into the ventricles

Answer 7

atrium

Question 8

the inferior chambers of the heart that receive blood from the corresponding atrium and force it into the arteries

Answer 8

ventricle

Question 9

the amount of blood pumped out of the heart with each contraction

Answer 9

stroke volume

Question 10

the rate at which the heart pumps; measured in BPM

Answer 10

heart rate (HR)

Question 11

heart rate x stroke volume; the overall performance of the heart

Answer 11

cardiac output (Q)

Question 12

fluid that circulates in the heart, arteries, capillaries, and veins; carries nutrients and oxygen to all parts of the body and also rids the body of waste products

Answer 12

blood

Question 13

network of hollow tubes that circulates blood throughout the body

Answer 13

blood vessels

Question 14

vessels that transport blood away from the heart

Answer 14

arteries

Question 15

the smallest blood vessels and the site of exchange of chemicals and water between the blood and body tissues

Answer 15

capillaries

Question 16

vessels that transport blood from the capillaries toward the heart

Answer 16

veins

Question 17

small terminal branches of an artery which end in capillaries

Answer 17

arterioles

Question 18

the smaller veins that connect capillaries to larger veins

Answer 18

venules

Question 19

a system of organs (the lungs and respiratory passageways) that collects oxygen from the external environment and transports it to the bloodstream

Answer 19

respiratory system

Question 20

composed of skeletal structures (bones) and soft tissues (muscles) that work together to allow proper respiratory mechanics to occur and help pump blood back to the heart during inspiration

Answer 20

respiratory pump

Question 21

the process of actively contracting the inspiratory muscles to move air into the body

Answer 21

inspiration

Question 22

the process of actively or passively relaxing the inspiratory muscles to move air out of the body

Answer 22

expiration

Question 23

the process of getting oxygen from the environment to the tissues of the body

Answer 23

diffusion

Question 24

the highest rate of oxygen transport and utilization achieved at maximal physical exertion

Answer 24

maximal oxygen consumption = VO.2max