Chapter 3 - The Cardiorespiratory System Flashcards
The cardiorespiratory system
Composed of the respiratory and cardiovascular system
The cardiovascular system
Blood vessels, blood, and the heart
Arteries
Carry blood away from the heart to the rest of the body
Veins
Return blood to the heart from the rest of the body
Stroke volume
The amount of blood pumped out the heart with each contraction
Cardiac output
Heart rate × stroke volume
Sinoatrial (SA) node
The “pacemaker” of the heart because it initiates the heartbeat
Typical heart rate for an adult
70-80 BPM
The heart has two pairs of different chambers. what are they called?
atriums and ventricles
Function of the right atrium
Receives blood coming from the body.
Function of the right ventricle
Has thinner walls because it only needs to pump blood a short distance back to the heart and the lungs.
Function of left ventricle
as much thicker walls and is a much higher pressure pump because it is required to push blood to the rest of the body.
Function of the left atrium
The left atrium receives the blood (oxygen-rich) that comes from the lungs and the heart.
The Functions of Blood
Protection, Regulation, Transportation
Blood : Protection
The white blood cells help to protect your body against diseases and blood clotting helps with fluid loss
Blood : Regulation
Blood helps keep a stable body temperature, electrolyte, and water level as well as pH.
Blood : Transportation
The primary function of blood is to transport nutrients and oxygen to the cells of the body. It also takes away CO2 and various wastes from the cells and delivers hormones to specific tissues
What is respiratory pump
These are the thoracic and abdominal structures that help with the contraction and expansion of the lungs.
The muscles that comprise the respiratory pump are:
For inhalation: The Scalene muscles, the pack minor, sternocleidomastoid, and the diaphragm.
For exhalation: The internal intercostals and the abdominal muscles
Is the cycle of the respiratory pump
Inhalation:
1) The thoracic cavity expands new
2) The pressure within the pleural cavities drop
3) This pulls air to the lungs
4) It also brings blood into the IVC and the right atrium from the smaller veins that exist in the abdominal cavity
Exhalation:
1) The pressure in the pleural cavities rise
2) This forces blood into the right atrium
3) This is important especially for heavy exercises
