Chapter 2 - Basic Exercise Science - The Skeletal System

Question 1

The Skeletal System

Answer 1

This is the body’s framework that is comprised of joints and bones. It provides the focus and shapes for bodies. It also creates blood for the human body and stores minerals. The functionality, growth, and maturation of the skeletal system can be affected by activity, nutrition, and posture.

Question 2

Bones

Answer 2

Provide protection for vital organs and a resting place for muscles

Question 3

Joints

Answer 3

These are the junctions for muscles, bones and connective tissues where movement occurs. It is also known as articulation.

Question 4

Axial skeleton

Answer 4

The area of the skeletal system that contains the rib cage, skull, and vertebral column. It consists of 80 bones.

Question 5

Appendicular skeleton

Answer 5

This is the area of the skeletal system that consists of the lower and upper extremities. It’s basically the legs, arms, appendage in appendicular. This contains 126 bones.

Question 6

Remolding

Answer 6

This is the process of formation and resorption of bone. Is the process where the older bone is broken down and taken away by osteoclasts and new bone is made to replace it with cells called osteoblasts

Question 7

Osteoclasts

Answer 7

The cells that help remove bone tissue.

Question 8

Osteoblasts

Answer 8

The cells that help create new bone tissue.

Question 9

Epiphysis

Answer 9

Located at the end of long bones and a place that contains a large portion of red marrow involved in the production of red blood cells. This is one of the main locations for bone growth.

Question 10

Diaphysis

Answer 10

This is the long portion of the bone that is considered the shaft. It is much more compact and strong.

Question 11

Epiphyseal plate

Answer 11

This is the area of the long bone that connects the epiphysis to the diaphysis. This is a dividing layer of cartilage in cells that grow lengthwise to create the diaphysis.

Question 12

Periosteum

Answer 12

This is the dense and fibrous outer layer where muscles attach and a more delicate layer inside that can create bone.

Question 13

Medullary Cavity

Answer 13

This is the location where bone marrow is stored and where blood cell formation happens. Is a small cavity that is located in the shaft of the bone.

Question 14

Articular Cartilage (Hyaline)

Answer 14

This is the inelastic, flexible yet firm type of connective tissue that is located at the end of bones at the joint.

Question 15

Depressions

Answer 15

These are flat areas of a bone

Question 16

Processes

Answer 16

This is a part of the bone where ligaments in muscle attach.

Question 17

Vertebral column

Answer 17

Made up of 24 bones that create the spinal column. There are 5 lumbar, 12 thoracic and 7 cervical.

Question 18

Arthrokinematics

Answer 18

This is the description of joint surfaces when bones are put through a range of motion.

Question 19

Synovial Joints

Answer 19

These are joined bones that have a fibrous joint capsule. These joints produce synovial fluid that kind of looks like egg whites to protect the joints. Approximately eighty percent of joints in the human body are synovial joints.

Question 20

NonSynovial Joints

Answer 20

These are joints that are non-movable and exclude the joint cartilage, capsule, and ligaments. Mostly found in the distal joint of the fibula and tibia as well as the skull.

Question 21

Ligaments

Answer 21

This is what connects bones to other bones and helps joint support