Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Radiologic Pathology > Chapter 3 Respiratory System > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

External respiration takes place within the:
bronchi.
bronchioles.
alveoli.
trachea.

A

Alveoli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The lower respiratory system consists of the:
oropharynx, bronchi, and bronchioles.
trachea, nasopharynx, and alveoli.
trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles.
larynx, trachea, and bronchi.

A

Trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The thin-walled sac where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged with the blood in the pulmonary circulatory system is a(n):
a. bronchiole.
b. alveolus.
c. tertiary bronchus.
d. alveolar duct.

A

Alveolus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The trachea is:
a. a noncollapsible tubular structure of C-shaped cartilage
b. a boxlike structure consiting of nine pieces of cartilage
c. connected to the nasopharynx superiorly
d. a noncollapsible tubular structure of oval-shaped cartilage

A

a noncollapsible tubular structure of C-shaped cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The blood supply to nourish and support lung tissue is the:
low-pressure system.
pulmonary circulation.
bronchial circulation.
low-resistance system.

A

bronchial circulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The serous membrane lining that adheres to the chest wall is the:
parietal viscera.
visceral pleura.
parietal pleura.
serous fibrous pleura.

A

Parietal pleura

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

For what purpose is a chest radiograph obtained after endotrachel tube insertion?
a. to check for pneumonia
b. to ensure proper placement/position
c. to check for puncture of the trachea
d. all of these are reasons to obtain a chest radiograph after endotracheal tube insertion

A

To ensure proper placement/position

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is a common result of an endotracheal tube that is positioned too low and into the right main stem bronchus?
a. Pneumothorax
b. Pneumomediastinum
c. Left lung atelectasis
d. Right main stem bronchus puncture

A

Left lung atelectasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What image is obtained to verify the correct placement of a central venous catheter?
Chest radiograph
KUB
Soft tissue neck
All of above

A

Chest radiograph

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which of the following complications may occur as a result of central venous catheter insertion or misplacement?
(1) Pneumothorax.
(2) Air embolism.
(3) Puncture of the subclavian artery.
a. 1 and 2 only
b. 1 and 3 only
c. 2 and 3 only
d. 1, 2, and 3

A

1, 2, and 3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which type of internal device is used for chemotherapy and long-term venous access?
a. Endotracheal tube
b. Swan-Ganz catheter
c. Central venous catheter
d. Peripherally inserted central catheter
(PICC)

A

Peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which type of internal device is used for measurements of cardiac output and pulmonary capillary wedge and central venous pressures?
a. Endotracheal tube
b. Swan-Ganz catheter
c. Central venous catheter
d. Peripherally inserted central catheter
(PICC)

A

Swan-Ganz catheter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The hereditary disease process characterized by the excretion of viscous mucus blocking the air passages is:
a. cystic fibrosis.
b. histoplasmosis.
c. pneumonia.
d. pleurisy.

A

cystic fibrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The newborn who experiences underaeration of the lungs resulting from a lack of surfactant has:
a. cystic fibrosis.
b. hyaline membrane disease.
c. croup.
d. pneumonia.

A

hyaline membrane disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Croup is a(n):
a) viral infection of the subglottic region of the trachea.
b) infection involving the pleural lining of the lung.
c) bronchial spasm narrowing the bronchi.
d) trapping of air in the alveolar sacs.

A

Viral infection of the subglottic region of the trachea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Swelling of the epiglottic tissue commonly caused by the flu is:
croup.
epiglottitis.
pleurisy.
pneumonia.

A

epiglottitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

An inflammatory exudate caused by pneumococcus causing the affected lung to appear solid is called:
a. alveolar pneumonia.
b. viral pneumonia.
c. bronchopneumonia.
d. interstitial pneumonia.

A

Alveolar pneumonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Viral and fungal infections causing a thickened interstitium appearing on CT as a “honeycomb lung” is:
a. aspiration pneumonia.
b. coccidioidomycosis.
c. pleurisy.
d. interstitial pneumonia.

A

interstitial pneumonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The lung disease that is a highly volatile microbe because of its ease of transmission and high fatality rate is:
a. coccidioidomycosis.
b. histoplasmosis.
c. anthrax.
d. epiglottitis.

A

Anthrax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

A lung abscess is a(n):
necrotic area containing purulent material.
encapsulated area containing water.
fungus settled in the lung parenchyma.
is similar to a blood clot.

A

necrotic area containing purulent material

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Rod-shaped bacteria that have a waxy coat permitting existence outside the host for long periods cause:
a. bacterial pneumonia.
b. chronic bronchitis.
c. tuberculosis.
d. bronchopneumonia.

A

tuberculosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Sharply circumscribed encapsulation of the tuberculosis bacilli is known
anthrax.
lung abscess.
necrosis.
tuberculoma.

A

tuberculoma

23
Q

Sharply circumscribed encapsulation of the tuberculosis bacilli is known
anthrax.
lung abscess.
necrosis.
tuberculoma.

A

tuberculoma

24
Q

Histoplasmosis and coccidioidomycosis are examples of:
pneumonia.
pulmonary mycoses.
lung abscesses.
pneumoconiosis.

A

pulmonary mycoses

25
Q

Chronic histoplasmosis has a radiographic appearance similar to:
pneumonia.
pneumoconiosis.
tuberculosis.
pleural effusion.

A

Tuberculosis

26
Q

The disease that attacks the lower respiratory system causing necrosis of the respiratory epithelium of the bronchi and bronchioles leading to bronchiolitis is called:
a. respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).
b. pulmonary mycosis.
c. anthrax.
d. pneumoconiosis.

A

respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)

27
Q

The Coronavirus of unknown origin that causes upper and lower respiratory infections that begin with a nonproductive cough is:
a. respiratory syncytial virus.
b. severe acute respiratory syndrome
(SARS).
c. adult respiratory distress syndrome.
d. idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome.

A

Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)

28
Q

The general term used to describe obstruction of the airways leading to an ineffective exchange of respiratory gases is:
a. pulmonary mycosis.
b. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
c. pneumoconiosis.
d. severe acute respiratory syndrome.

A

chronic obstructive pulomonary disease

29
Q

A crippling and debilitating condition resulting from trapped air causing a loss of elasticity in the alveoli is called:
a. bronchitis.
b. asthma.
c. emphysema.
d. pneumoconiosis.

A

emphysema

30
Q

The hallmark of pulmonary overinflation in cases of emphysema is:
flattened diaphragms.
widened mediastinum.
calcification of the hilar region.
pleural effusion.

A

flattened diaphragms

31
Q

Common allergens causing a widespread narrowing of the airways are:
histoplasmosis.
bronchitis.
pneumonia.
asthma.

A

asthma

32
Q

Inhaled foreign substances retained permanently in the acini causing irreversible damage is:
a. pneumonia.
b. pneumoconiosis.
c. bronchitis.
d. pulmonary mycosis.

A

pneumoconiosis

33
Q

Prolonged exposure to quartz dust found in the earth’s crust causes:
pneumoconiosis.
anthracosis.
silicosis.
asbestosis.

A

silicosis

34
Q

Asbestos fibers cause major fibrosis resulting in:
pleural effusion.
pulmonary edema.
black lung.
pleural plaques.

A

plerual plaques

35
Q

Squamous carcinoma typically arises from the _____ causing gradual narrowing of the bronchial lumen.
a. major central bronchi
b. glandular structures
c. pleural lining
d. lung parenchyma

A

major central bronchi

36
Q

The most common malignant lung neoplasm arising from the mucosa of the bronchial tree is:
a. squamous carcinoma.
b. bronchogenic carcinoma.
c. adenocarcinoma
d. bronchiolar carcinoma

A

bronchogenic carcinoma

37
Q

Coccidioidomycosis is:
caused by fungal exposure.
an example of pulmonary mycosis.
caused by viral exposure.
Both A and B.

A

Both A and B

38
Q

Silicosis is a type of:
pulmonary mycosis.
tuberculosis.
pneumoconiosis.
COPD.

A

pneumoconiosis

39
Q

Inflammation caused by bacillus (mycobacterium) resulting in lesions (or cavities) that may calcify and are usually found in the apices is known as:
a. tuberculosis.
b. bronchogenic carcinoma.
c. pneumonia.
d. cystic fibrosis.

A

tuberculosis

40
Q

Pulmonary metastatic disease most commonly originates from a carcinoma in the:
a. brain.
b. prostate.
c. breast.
d. spine.

A

breast

41
Q

Stomach, thyroid, and pancreas carcinomas metastasize to the lung by:
hematogenous spread.
lymphangitic spread.
direct connection.
random nature.

A

lymphangitic spread

42
Q

Thrombi that develop in the deep venous system of the lower extremity and are trapped in the lung circulation are:
a. alveolar emboli.
b. pulmonary emboli.
c. bronchial emboli.
d. pulmonary arteriovenous fistulas.

A

pulmonary emboli

43
Q

To best demonstrate pulmonary emboli, the noninvasive modality of
high-resolution CT.
nuclear medicine lung scan.
Doppler ultrasound.
PET lung scan.

A

high-resolution CT

44
Q

A condition of diminished air within the lung volume is:
associated with reduced lung
adult respiratory distress syndrome.
atelectasis.
pleural effusion.
septic embolism.

A

atelectasis

45
Q

Air in the cavity surrounding the lung is known as:
a. pleural effusion.
b. atelectasis.
c. pneumothorax.
d. hemothorax.

A

pneumothorax

46
Q

The earliest sign of this disease process is blunting of the normal sharp angle between the diaphragm and the rib cage.
a. Pneumothorax
b. Pleurisy
c. Pulmonary emboli
d. Pleural effusion

A

pleural effusion

47
Q

Infected fluid in the pleural cavity is a(n):
pleural effusion.
empyema.
lung abscess.
atelectasis.

A

empyema

48
Q

Thymoma is a lesion in the _____ mediastinum.
anterior
lateral
posterior
superior

A

anterior

49
Q

The posterior mediastinum is the location of:
lymph node disorders.
aneurysms of the descending aorta.
bronchogenic cysts.
teratomas.

A

aneurysms of the descending aorta

50
Q

A rare congenital abnormality in which one diaphragm is poorly developed and too weak to permit abdominal contents’ upward movement is:
a. diaphragmatic paralysis.
b. obesity.
c. ascites.
d. eventration.

A

eventration

51
Q

The Ghon lesion is an image characteristic of:
atelectasis.
tuberculosis.
bronchogenic carcinoma.
pneumococcal pneumonia.

A

tuberculosis

52
Q

An air/fluid level within an encapsulated, opaque mass is seen on a chest radiograph. Which respiratory disease demonstrates this characteristic?
a. Tuberculosis
b. Pulmonary metastasis
c. Lung abscess
d. SARS

A

Lung abscess

53
Q

Which contains active disease and carries the danger of breaking down and disseminating the disease?
a. Tuberculoma
b. Pneumococcal nidus
c. Granuloma
d. Ghon lesion

A

tuberculoma

54
Q

Permanent abnormal dilation of one or more large bronchi as a result of destruction of the elastic and muscular components of the bronchial wall defines:
a. atelectasis.
b. bronchiectasis.
c. emphysema.
d. asthma.

A

bronchiectasis

Radiologic Pathology (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions