Chapter 3 - Psychological development p2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Typical behaviour

A

an activity that is consistent with how an individual usually behaves

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2
Q

Atypical behaviour

A

an activity that is unusual or unnatural according to how an individual usually behaves

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3
Q

Psychological criteria (SSCMP)

A

(in relation to typicality) standards against which a judgement can be made about a person’s behaviour and abilities

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4
Q

Crit 1 - Cultural perspectives

A

the influence of society and community on one’s thoughts

strength = can take into account different cultural contexts

limitations = collective evaluation, not individual, hard to do in multicultural society

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5
Q

Crit 2 - Social norms

A

society’s unofficial rules and expectations regarding how individuals should act

strength - acts as a baseline to compare behaviours

limitation - depend on context

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6
Q

Crit 3 - statistical rarity

A

something that lies outside the range of statistical normality and is also unusual enough to be considered significant

strength - provides an objective perspective

limitation - not all are damaging or negative, difficult to apply to abstract contexts

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7
Q

Crit 4 - Personal Distress

A

an aversive and often self-oriented emotional reaction

strength - used as indicator when nothing else can, visual indication

limitation - can be concealed

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8
Q

Crit 5 - Maladaptive behaviour

A

an action that impairs an individual’s ability to meet the changing demands of their everyday life

strength - enables consideration of consequences of actions

limitation - “maladaptive” is subjective

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9
Q

Normality

A

the state of having thoughts, feelings, and behaviours that are considered common and acceptable

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10
Q

Abnormality

A

the state of deviating from the norm, usually in a way that is undesirable

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11
Q

Neurotypicality

A

a term used to describe individuals who display neurological and cognitive functioning that is typical or expected

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12
Q

Neurodiversity

A

variations in neurological development and functioning within and between groups of people, such as those experienced by people with autism

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13
Q

Adaptive

A

being able to adjust to the environment appropriately and function effectively

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14
Q

Maladaptive

A

being unable to adapt to the environment appropriately and function effectively

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15
Q

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

A

a neurodevelopmental condition characterised by impaired social interactions, verbal and non-verbal communication difficulties, narrow interests, and repetitive behaviour

strengths - attention to detail, superior retention of facts, see world from unique perspective

challenges - unable to make or keep eye contact, unable to read facial expressions, getting distressed by minor changes to routine

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16
Q

Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

A

a neurological condition characterised by persistent inattention or hyperactivity that disrupts social, academic, or occupational functioning

strengths - hyper focusing on task, creative approaches, enthusiasm

challenges - time management, staying concentrated, impulsivity

17
Q

Dyslexia

A

a neurologically based learning difficulty manifested as severe challenges in reading, spelling, writing words, and sometimes in arithmetic

strength - strong memory, puzzle solving skills, spatial awareness

challenges - difficulties reading or writing, slower learning, lack of confidence

18
Q

Mental wellbeing

A

an individual’s current psychological state, involving their ability to think, process information, and regulate emotions

19
Q

Psychological development

A

an individual’s changes in functioning across multiple domains, including the life-long growth across emotional, cognitive, and social domains

20
Q

Mental health workers

A

Mental health workers
members of a mental health treatment team who assist in providing a wide range of services and care for patients with psychological or social problems

21
Q

Psychologist

A

an individual who is professionally trained in one or more branches or subfields of psychology

22
Q

Psychiatrist

A

a doctor who specialises in the diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and study of mental, behavioural, and personality disorders

23
Q

Mental health organisation

A

a company or group that works to address or advocate for mental health, such as through providing support or specialised services

24
Q

Culturally responsive practices

A

acting in ways that respond to the needs of diverse communities and demonstrating an openness to new ideas that may align with different cultural ideas, beliefs, and values