Chapter 3 Pathology

Question 1

Abscess

Answer 1

Collection of pus in skin.

Question 2

Acne

Answer 2

Inflammatory disease of sebaceous glands and hair follicles resulting in papules and pustules.

Question 3

Acne Rosacea

Answer 3

Chronic form of acne seen in adults involving redness, tiny pimples, and broken blood vessels, primarily on nose and cheeks.

Question 4

Acne Vulgaris

Answer 4

Common form of acne seen in teenagers; characterized by comedos, papules, and pustules.

Question 5

Albinism

Answer 5

Genetic condition in which body is unable to make melanin; characterized by white hair and skin and res pupils due to lack of pigment.

Question 6

Basal Cell Carcinoma

Answer 6

Cancerous tumor of basal cell layer of epidermis; frequent type of skin cancer that rarely metastasizes or spreads; these cancers can arise on sun-exposed skin.

Question 7

Cellulitis

Answer 7

Diffuse, acute infection and inflammation of connective tissue found in skin.

Question 8

Cicatrix

Answer 8

A scar.

Question 9

Decubitus Ulcer

Answer 9

Open sore caused by pressure over bony prominences cutting off blood flow to overlying skin; can appear in bedridden patients who lie in one position too long and can be difficult to heal; also called a bedsore or pressure sore.

Question 10

Dermatitis

Answer 10

Inflammation of the skin.

Question 11

Dermatosis

Answer 11

General term indicating presence of abnormal skin condition.

Question 12

Dry Gangrene

Answer 12

Late stages of gangrene characterized by affected area becoming dried, blackened, and shriveled; referred to as mummified.

Question 13

Eczema

Answer 13

Superficial dermatitis of unknown cause accompanied by redness, vesicles, itching, and crusting.

Question 14

Gangrene

Answer 14

Tissue necrosis usually due to deficient blood supply.

Question 15

Ichthyosis

Answer 15

Condition in which skin becomes dry, scaly, and keratinized.

Question 16

Impetigo

Answer 16

Highly infectious bacterial infection of skin with pustules that rupture and become crusted over.

Question 17

Kaposi’s Sarcoma

Answer 17

Form of skin cancer frequently seen in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients; consists of brownish-purple papules that spread from skin and metastasize to internal organs.

Question 18

Keloid

Answer 18

Formation of raised thickened hypertrophic scar after injury or surgery.

Question 19

Keratosis

Answer 19

Term for any skin condition involving overgrowth and thickening of epidermis layer.

Question 20

Laceration

Answer 20

Torn or jagged wound; incorrectly used to describe cut.

Question 21

Malignant Melanoma

Answer 21

Dangerous form of skin cancer caused by uncontrolled growth of melanocytes; may quickly metastasize or spread to internal organs.

Question 22

Pediculosis

Answer 22

Infestation with live, eggs by lice are called nuts and cling tightly to hair.

Question 23

Psoriasis

Answer 23

Chronic inflammatory condition consisting of papules forming “silvery scale” patches with circular borders.

Question 24

Rubella

Answer 24

Contagious viral skin infection; commonly called German measles.

Question 25

Scabies

Answer 25

Contagious skin disease caused by egg-laying mite that burrows through skin and causes redness and intense itching; often seen in children.

Question 26

Sebaceous Cyst

Answer 26

Sac under skin filled with sebum or oil from sebaceous gland; can grow to large size and may need to be excised.

Question 27

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Answer 27

Cancer of epidermis layer of skin that may invade deeper tissue and metastasize; often begins as sore that does not heal.

Question 28

Strawberry Hemangioma

Answer 28

Congenital collection of dilated blood vessels causing red birthmark that fades a few months after birth.

Question 29

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Answer 29

Chronic disease of connective tissue that injures skin, joints, kidneys, nervous system, and mucous membranes; autoimmune condition meaning that body’s own immune system attacks normal tissue of body; may produce characteristic red, scaly butterfly rash across cheeks and nose.

Question 30

Tinea

Answer 30

Fungal skin disease resulting in itching, scaling lesions.

Question 31

Tinea Capitis

Answer 31

Fungal infection of scalp; commonly called ringworm.

Question 32

Tinea Pedis

Answer 32

Fungal infection of foot; commonly called athlete’s foot.

Question 33

Varicella

Answer 33

Contagious viral skin infection; commonly called chickenpox.

Question 34

Verruca

Answer 34

Commonly called warts; benign growth caused by virus; has rough surface removed by chemicals and/or laser therapy.

Question 35

Vitiligo

Answer 35

Disappearance of pigment from skin in patches, causing milk-white appearance; also called leukoderma.

Question 36

Wet Gangrene

Answer 36

Area of gangrene that becomes secondarily infected by pus-producing bacteria.