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EMS ACADEMY > Chapter 3- Medical, Legal, & Ethical Issues > Flashcards

Chapter 3- Medical, Legal, & Ethical Issues Flashcards

1
Q

A type of advance directive executed by a competent adult that appoints another individual to make medical treatment decisions on his or her behalf, in the event that the person manning the appointment loses decision-making capacity.

A

durable power of attorney for health care

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2
Q

The act of physically preventing an individual from initiating any physical action

A

forcible restraint

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3
Q

Failure to provide the same care that a person with similar training would provide.

A

negligence

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4
Q

The philosophy of right and wrong, of mural duties, and of ideal professional behavior.

A

Ethics

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5
Q

Unilateral termination of care by the EMT without the patient’s consent and without making provisions for transferring care to another medical professional with the skills and training necessary to meet the needs of the patient.

A

abandonment

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6
Q

A type of advance directive executed by a competent adult that appointed another individual to make medical treatment decisions on his or her behalf in the event that the person making the appointment loses decision-making capacity. Also known as a durable power of attorney for health care.

A

health care proxy

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7
Q

Written documentation by a physician giving permission to medical personnel not to attempt resuscitation in the event of cardiac arrest.

A

do not resuscitate order (DNR)

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8
Q

The manner in which principles of ethics are incorporated into professional conduct.

A

applied ethics

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9
Q

Permission to render care

A

consent

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10
Q

A type of consent in which a patient gives verbal or nonverbal authorization for provision of care or transport.

A

expressed consent

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11
Q

False and damaging information about a person that is communicated by spoken word

A

slander

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12
Q

A choice of conduct that can be defined by society, religion, or a person, affecting character, conduct, and conscience.

A

morality

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13
Q

Able to make rational decisions about personal well-being.

A

competent

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14
Q

Disclosure of information without proper authorization.

A

breach of confidentiality

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15
Q

Written documentation that specifies medical treatment for a competent patient should the patient become unable to make decisions; also called a living will our health care directive.

A

advance directive

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16
Q

Stiffening of the body muscles; a definitive sign of death

A

rigor mortis

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17
Q

Immediate care or treatment

A

emergency medical care

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18
Q

The study of ethics related to issues that arise in health care.

A

bioethics

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19
Q

A medicolegal term relating to certain personnel who either by statute or by function have a responsibility to provide care.

A

duty to act

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20
Q

A person who is under the legal age in a given state but, because of other circumstances, it’s legally considered an adult

A

emancipated minor

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21
Q

Oral questions asked of parties and witnesses under oath

A

depositions

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22
Q

Statutory provisions enacted by many states to protect citizens from liability for errors and omissions in giving good-faith emergency medical care, unless there is wanton, gross, or willful negligence.

A

Good Samaritan laws

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23
Q

Most commonly defined by state law; outlines the care that the EMT is able to provide for the patient.

A

scope of practice

24
Q

The communication of false information about a person that is damaging to that person’s reputation or standing in the community.

A

defamation

25
Q

When the EMT or an EMS system is held liable even when the plaintiff is unable to clearly demonstrate how an injury occurred.

A

res ipsa loquitur

26
Q

Decomposition of body tissues; a definitive sign of death.

A

putrefaction

27
Q

Unlawfully placing a patient in fear if bodily harm.

A

assault

28
Q

Conduct that constitutes a willful or reckless disregard for a standard of care

A

gross negligence

29
Q

Blood settling to the lowest point of the body, causing discoloration of the skin; a definitive sign of death

A

dependent lividity

30
Q

A serious situation, such as injury or illness that threatens the life or welfare of a person or group of people and requires immediate intervention.

A

emergency

31
Q

The phase of a civil lawsuit where the plaintiff and defense obtain information from each other that will enable the attorneys to have a better understanding of the case and which will assist in negotiating a possible settlement or in preparing for trial. This includes depositions, interrogatories, and demands for production of records.

A

discovery

32
Q

Permission for treatment given by a competent patient after the potential risks, benefits, and alternatives to treatment have been explained.

A

informed consent

33
Q

Coming off the body after death until matched the ambient temperature

A

algor mortis

34
Q

Damages awarded in a civil lawsuit that are intended to restore the plaintiff to the same condition that he or she was in prior to the incident.

A

compensatory damages

35
Q

Wrongful acts that give rise to a civil lawsuit

A

torts

36
Q

When a person who has a duty abuses it, and causes harm to another individual, the EMT, the agency, and/or the medical director may be sued for negligence.

A

proximate causation

37
Q

A legal defense that may be raised when the defendant thinks that the conduct of the plaintiff somehow contributed to any injuries or damages that were sustained by the plaintiff.

A

contributory negligence

38
Q

A code of conduct that can be defined by society, religion, or a person, affecting character, conduct, and conscience.

A

morality

39
Q

Damages that are sometimes awarded in a civil lawsuit when the conduct of the defendant was intentional or constituted a reckless disregard for the safety of the public.

A

punitive damages

40
Q

The principle of law that permits a health care provider to treat a patient in an emergency situation when the patient is incapable of granting consent because of an altered level of consciousness, disability, the effects of drugs or alcohol, or the patients age.

A

emergency doctrine

41
Q

Written questions that the defense and plaintiff sent to one another.

A

interrogatories

42
Q

The communication of false information about a person that is damaging to that person’s reputation or standing in the community.

A

defamation

43
Q

A time within which a legal case must be commenced.

A

statute of limitations

44
Q

A study of ethics related to issues that arise in health care.

A

bioethics

45
Q

Legal doctrine that can protect an EMS provider from being sued or that may limit the amount of the monetary judgement that the plaintiff may recover; generally applies only to EMS systems that are operated by municipalities or other governmental entities.

A

governmental immunity

46
Q

A written document that specifies medical treatment for competent patient, should he or she become unable to make decisions. Also known as advanced directive or a living will.

A

health care directive

47
Q

Written, accepted levels of emergency care expected by reason of training and profession; written by legal or professional organizations so that patients are not exposed to unreasonable risk of harm.

A

standard of care

48
Q

The confinement of a person without legal authority or the person’s consent.

A

false imprisonment

49
Q

The seizing, confining, abducting, or carrying away of a person by force, including transporting a competent adult for medical treatment without his or her consent.

A

kidnapping

50
Q

Type of consent in which a patient who is unable to give consent is given treatment under the legal assumption that he or she would want treatment.

A

implied consent

51
Q

A term relating to medical jurisprudence (law) or forensic medicine.

A

medicolegal

52
Q

False and damaging information about a person that is communicated in writing.

A

libel

53
Q

Cooling of the body after death until it matches the ambient temperature.

A

algor mortis

54
Q

Ability to understand and process information and make a choice regarding appropriate medical care.

A

decision-making capacity

55
Q

A theory that may be used when the conduct of the person being sued is alleged to have occurred in clear violation of a statute.

A

negligence per se

EMS ACADEMY (25 decks)

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