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EMS ACADEMY > Chapter 12- Principles of Pharmacology > Flashcards

Chapter 12- Principles of Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

A medication used to treat infections caused by a fungus.

A

antifungal

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2
Q

When the EMT assists the patient with the administration of his or her own medication.

A

patient-assisted medication

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3
Q

Actions that can be harmful to the patient.

A

untoward effects

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4
Q

An injection into the bone; a medication delivery route.

A

intraosseous injection

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5
Q

The amount of time that clinical effects of a medication last.

A

duration

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6
Q

Medications that enter the body through the digestive system.

A

enteral medications

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7
Q

A gas that all cells need for metabolism; the heart and brain, especially, cannot function without it.

A

oxygen

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8
Q

The amount of medication given on the basis of the patient’s size and age.

A

dose

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9
Q

Administration of a medication by the EMT directly to the patient.

A

EMT-administered medication

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10
Q

The process of removing a medication or chemical from within the body.

A

elimination

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11
Q

A medication that increases cardiac perfusion by causing blood vessels to dilate; EMTs may be allowed to assist the patient to self-administer the medication.

A

nitroglycerin

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12
Q

The study of the properties and effects of medications.

A

pharmacology

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13
Q

An injection into a muscle; a medication delivery route.

A

intramuscular injection

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14
Q

A medication used to treat infections caused by a bacterium.

A

antibiotic

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15
Q

A medication that impairs the ability of blood to clot.

A

anticoagulant

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16
Q

The amount of time from the administration of a medication to the onset of clinical effects.

A

onset of action

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17
Q

A miniature spray canister used to direct medications through the mouth and into the lungs.

A

metered-dose inhaler

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18
Q

The therapeutic effect of a medication on the body.

A

action

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19
Q

When the EMT administers medication to himself or herself or to a partner.

A

peer-assisted medication

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20
Q

Lotions, creams, and ointments that are applied to the surface of the skin and affect only that area; a medication delivery route.

A

topical medications

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21
Q

Medications that that treat or reduce a fever.

A

antipyretics

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22
Q

The use of multiple medications on a regular basis.

A

polypharmacy

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23
Q

A medication that is an antipyretic (reduces fever), analgesic (reduces pain), anti-inflammatory (reduces inflammation) , and a potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation (clumping)

A

aspirin

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24
Q

An injection directly into a vein; a medication delivery route.

A

intravenous injection

25
Q

Through the mouth; a medication delivery route; same as oral.

A

per os

26
Q

Through the rectum; a medication delivery route.

A

per rectum

27
Q

The active, muscular part of breathing that draws air into the airway and lungs; a medication delivery route.

A

inhalation

28
Q

The process by which medications travel through body tissues until they reach the bloodstream.

A

absorption

29
Q

A medication that prevents blood platelets from clumping or sticking together.

A

antiplatelet

30
Q

A liquid mixture that cannot be separated by filtering or allowing the mixture to stand.

A

solution

31
Q

The processes that the body performs on a medication, including how it is absorbed, distributed, possibly changed, and eliminated.

A

pharmacokinetics

32
Q

The point or period when the maximum clinical effect of a drug is achieved.

A

peak

33
Q

A semiliquid substance that is administered orally in capsule form or through plastic tubes.

A

gel

34
Q

Injection into the fatty tissue between the skin and muscle; a medication delivery route.

A

subcutaneous injection

35
Q

A simple sugar that is readily absorbed by the bloodstream; it is carried on the EMS unit.

A

oral glucose

36
Q

Medications that enter the body by a route other than the digestive tract, skin, or mucus membranes.

A

parenteral medications

37
Q

Medications that may be purchased directly by a patient without a prescription.

A

over-the-counter medication

38
Q

A medication that increases heart rate and blood pressure but also eases breathing problems by decreasing muscle tone of the bronchiole tree; a substance produced by the body (commonly called adrenaline), and a drug produced by pharmaceutical companies that increases pulse rate and blood pressure; the drug of choice for an anaphylactic reaction.

A

epinephrine

39
Q

Any unwanted clinical results of a medication.

A

adverse effects

40
Q

A substance that is used to treat or prevent disease or relieve pain.

A

medication

41
Q

The therapeutic uses for a specific medication.

A

indications

42
Q

The desired or intended effect a medication is expected to have on the body.

A

therapeutic effect

43
Q

A medication that binds to a receptor and blocks other medications.

A

antagonist

44
Q

Actions that are undesirable but pose little risk to the patient.

A

unintended effects

45
Q

The process by which a medication works in the body.

A

pharmacodynamics

46
Q

Under the tongue; a medication delivery route.

A

sublingual

47
Q

A delivery route in which a medication is pushed through a specialized atomizer device called a mucosal atomizer device (MAD) into the naris.

A

intranasal

48
Q

By mouth; a medication delivery route.

A

oral

49
Q

A medication that causes stimulation of receptors.

A

agonist

50
Q

A device that is used to change a liquid medication into a spray and push it into a nostril.

A

mucosal atomizer device

51
Q

Medications that are distributed to patients only by pharmacists according to a physician’s order.

A

prescription medications

52
Q

Conditions that make a particular medication or treatment inappropriate because it would not help, or may actually harm, a patient.

A

contraindications

53
Q

Through the skin; a medication delivery route.

A

transcutaneous

54
Q

The original chemical name of a medication (in contrast to one of its proprietary or trade names); the name is not capitalized.

A

generic name

55
Q

Inappropriate use of a medication that could lead to patients harm.

A

medication error

56
Q

A mixture of ground particles that are distributed evenly throughout a liquid but do not dissolve.

A

suspension

57
Q

The brand name that a manufacturer gives a medication; the name is capitalized.

A

trade name

58
Q

An abnormally low blood glucose level.

A

hypoglycemia

EMS ACADEMY (25 decks)

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