Chapter 3 - Liberalism

Question 1

Liberalism Equation

Answer 1

Freedom + rationality = progress

Question 2

3 Liberal Freedoms

Answer 2

Freedom from arbitrary authority
Freedom for social and economic rights
Freedom to participate in democracy

Question 3

Realists and Liberals Regarding Change

Answer 3

Realists want continuity.

Libs want progress

Question 4

Liberals and the Black Box

Answer 4

Individuals, their ideas and ideals, social forces, and political institutions can affect foreign policy

Question 5

Non-State Actors

Answer 5

TNCs, NGOs, IGOs, IOs, and individuals

Question 6

Liberals and Predictions

Answer 6

They’re better at it apparently

Question 7

Liberal Zone of Peace

PLAEOD

Answer 7

1. Peaceful restraint: generally, works exclusively in liberals’ relations with other liberals
2. More liberal states mean bigger zone of peace
3. Aggression against non-liberals
4. Eurocentric - must be liberal and capitalist
5. Missed Opportunities to pursue negotiations over war
6. Many wars have been defensive and thus prudent

Question 8

Liberal Complaisance Towards Threats and Isolationism

Answer 8

1. Failure to support allies
2. Failure to oppose enemies
3. Free-riding on the leader of the liberal alliance

Question 9

Aspirations for Peace

JDE

Answer 9

1. Just wars such as humanitarian interventions and self-defense
2. But not against democracy
3. Lasting peace requires “economic security and opportunity”

Question 10

Liberal FPA (4 thing based on 3 images)

Answer 10

Focuses on:
Individual rights
Domestic commercial interests / free trade
Republican institutions
International perceptions

Question 11

Realists and Liberals regarding Anarchy

Answer 11

Realists say prudence, liberals say regimes

Question 12

3 Ways to Mitigate Anarchy According to Liberals

Answer 12

1. View state as an individual (unitary) actor
   - they will cooperate because rationalism
2. Democracies are the best form of government because they don’t go to war
3. Free trade benefits everyone, creates interdependence, common consumption = humanization

Question 13

3 Images of Liberals

Answer 13

1st Image - Lockean: Human nature
2nd Image - Commercial Society
3rd Image - Kantian: Republican Internationalist

Question 14

1st Image - Lockean: Human Nature

Answer 14

• We ought to have one single government authority responsible to people through social contract
• We can uprise
• FP execs have to make decisions when necessary though

Question 15

2nd Image - Commercial Society

Answer 15

Merchant class wouldn’t want to go war

Question 16

3rd Image - Kantian: Republican Internationalist

Answer 16

• Zone of peace
• States who are accountable won’t go to war
• System that self-reinforces rights, markets, and the diffusion of liberal republicanism

Question 17

Mitigating Trade Offs

Answer 17

1. Balancing aims and resources while preserving peace
2. Preserve liberal zone of peace without violating principles
3. Don’t bankrupt yourself - only pick spots here and there where you can make a difference
4. Liberals and R2P have to determine where the limits to these actions are

Question 18

3 Main Goals of Liberalism

Answer 18

1. Preservation
   - Zone of peace and institutions
2. Expand and Inspire
3. Intervention