Chapter 3 - Lecture PT 2 Test 2 Flashcards
structuralism used the method of _ and involved ,,_
introspection
- sensations (sights, sounds, tastes)
- images (components of thoughts)
- affections (components of emotions)
how would a structuralist study sensation & perception?
In the laboratory setting, a structuralist psychologist might investigate the sensation and perception of a visual stimulus, such as a simple geometric
shape like a triangle
- The goal would be to break down the conscious experience of seeing this shape into its elemental components
name the 5 parts to how a structuralist would study sensation & perception
- sensations
- perceptions
- introspection
- elemental analysis
- repetition and comparison
describe sensations (in the context of a structuralist studying sensation & perception)
The psychologist would examine the basic sensory experiences associated with viewing the triangle, including the sensations of brightness, colour, and shape
describe perceptions (in the context of a structuralist studying sensation & perception)
They would also analyze how the mind organizes these sensations into a
coherent perception of a triangle. This might involve studying how the mind combines lines
and angles to recognize the shape
describe introspection (in the context of a structuralist studying sensation & perception)
The psychologist might use introspection, a method of self-observation and
reporting, to gather data
- participants would be asked to describe their conscious experiences
in as much detail as possible while looking at the triangle
- they might report their sensations,
thoughts, and feelings during this process
describe elemental analysis (in the context of a structuralist studying sensation & perception)
Based on the introspective reports, the psychologist would attempt to identify the elementary mental processes involved in perceiving the triangle
- for example, they might seek to understand how different sensations combine to create the perception of a particular colour or shape
describe repetition and comparison (in the context of a structuralist studying sensation & perception)
The experiment might involve presenting the triangle repeatedly or comparing it to other shapes to understand how variations in stimuli influence conscious experience
While structuralism
played a foundational
role in the development
of psychology as a
science, it faced
criticism for its _
reliance on introspection,
which is subjective and
difficult to standardize
what concept did James Mark Baldwin promote?
(1861-1934) functionalism
- what is the function of a particular behaviour?
describe the cue (or trigger)
The cue is the first component of the habit loop and serves as a trigger or signal that initiates the habit.
- Cues can be internal or external
give examples of internal and external cues
- Internal cues might include emotions (e.g., stress, boredom) or physical sensations (e.g., hunger)
- External cues could be specific times of day, locations, people, or objects
Why are cues essential?
Cues are essential because they prompt your brain to initiate a particular habit.
- They create an automatic response to a given situation or context
how did functionalists relate to the habit loop?
tried to explain the why of all the components (split based on structuralism)
*explanation of why this happens is functionalist, the breaking this down is structuralist
give smartphone-related cue example
Your smartphone vibrates with a notification. This is the cue that initiates the habit loop
